Publicação
Pediatric cataract surgery: outcomes in a large Portuguese cohort
| Resumo: | INTRODUCTION: Pediatric cataract is one of the leading preventable causes of blindness worldwide. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the cataract are crucial to avoid irreversible visual effects. The visual axis opacification (VAO) is the most frequent complication arising from pediatric cataract surgery. According to most scientific evidence, an anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with anterior vitrectomy (AV) is recommended to prevent VAO. The necessity of its inclusion in the treatment of pediatric cataracts, however, is still questioned. Secondary glaucoma, one of the most feared complications, can occur at any moment after surgery, demanding a life-long follow-up. PURPOSE: To describe a large Portuguese pediatric cataract cohort and determine whether the VAO is prevented by AV and access glaucoma development. METHODS: A review of 340 eyes from 245 individuals of pediatric age who underwent pediatric cataract surgery at Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) between 1990 and 2019. A retrospective, non-interventional statistical analysis was carried. For sub-analysis of the impact of AV in OEV, need for reoperation or YAG-laser due to it, and occurance of inflammatory membranes, the sample was divided into 3 groups regarding age at surgery: < 2 years; 2 to 5 years; and >5 years. For sub-analysis of the association of glaucoma with age at surgery we considered 4 groups regarding age at surgery: <1 month, 1 to 12 months, 1 to 5 years, and >5 years; and 3 groups to study the association with follow-up duration: <1 year, 1 to 5 years, and >5 years; respectively. The association of glaucoma with primary intraocular lens implantation (pIOL) was studied. RESULTS: The median age at surgery was 39,33 months, with a mean follow-up time of 66,44 months. Most patients had congenital cataract (67,7% n=157) and 51,9 % were bilateral (n=123). Primary IOL implantation was performed in 55,7% (n=206) and was associated with lower glaucoma rates (1,1% vs 9,0%, p=0,001). Patients who underwent AV (76,5% of eyes, n=235) had lower postoperative complications and VAO rates (39,3% vs 65,3%, p=0,001 and 4,7% vs 16,8%, p=0,001, respectively) and less reoperation or YAG-laser rates due to VAO (3,4% vs 15,3%, p=0,001). Glaucoma (total incidence of 5,3%, n=18) was associated with premature surgery (p=0,005) - higher on the first month - and longer follow-up (p<0,001) – higher with 5 or more years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of anterior vitrectomy has proven to be a better approach to prevent postoperative complications, visual axis opacification, and the need for reoperation or YAG-laser due to this complication. A lifelong follow-up is crucial to evaluate the long-term outcomes and late complications, namely glaucoma. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Barata, Sara Ramos |
| Assunto: | Extração de Catarata Vitrectomia Complicações pós-operatórias Opacificação da cápsula Glaucoma Cataract Extraction Vitrectomy Postoperative complications Capsule opacification Glaucoma |
| Ano: | 2021 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Coimbra |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Estudo Geral - Universidade de Coimbra |
| Resumo: | INTRODUCTION: Pediatric cataract is one of the leading preventable causes of blindness worldwide. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the cataract are crucial to avoid irreversible visual effects. The visual axis opacification (VAO) is the most frequent complication arising from pediatric cataract surgery. According to most scientific evidence, an anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with anterior vitrectomy (AV) is recommended to prevent VAO. The necessity of its inclusion in the treatment of pediatric cataracts, however, is still questioned. Secondary glaucoma, one of the most feared complications, can occur at any moment after surgery, demanding a life-long follow-up. PURPOSE: To describe a large Portuguese pediatric cataract cohort and determine whether the VAO is prevented by AV and access glaucoma development. METHODS: A review of 340 eyes from 245 individuals of pediatric age who underwent pediatric cataract surgery at Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) between 1990 and 2019. A retrospective, non-interventional statistical analysis was carried. For sub-analysis of the impact of AV in OEV, need for reoperation or YAG-laser due to it, and occurance of inflammatory membranes, the sample was divided into 3 groups regarding age at surgery: < 2 years; 2 to 5 years; and >5 years. For sub-analysis of the association of glaucoma with age at surgery we considered 4 groups regarding age at surgery: <1 month, 1 to 12 months, 1 to 5 years, and >5 years; and 3 groups to study the association with follow-up duration: <1 year, 1 to 5 years, and >5 years; respectively. The association of glaucoma with primary intraocular lens implantation (pIOL) was studied. RESULTS: The median age at surgery was 39,33 months, with a mean follow-up time of 66,44 months. Most patients had congenital cataract (67,7% n=157) and 51,9 % were bilateral (n=123). Primary IOL implantation was performed in 55,7% (n=206) and was associated with lower glaucoma rates (1,1% vs 9,0%, p=0,001). Patients who underwent AV (76,5% of eyes, n=235) had lower postoperative complications and VAO rates (39,3% vs 65,3%, p=0,001 and 4,7% vs 16,8%, p=0,001, respectively) and less reoperation or YAG-laser rates due to VAO (3,4% vs 15,3%, p=0,001). Glaucoma (total incidence of 5,3%, n=18) was associated with premature surgery (p=0,005) - higher on the first month - and longer follow-up (p<0,001) – higher with 5 or more years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of anterior vitrectomy has proven to be a better approach to prevent postoperative complications, visual axis opacification, and the need for reoperation or YAG-laser due to this complication. A lifelong follow-up is crucial to evaluate the long-term outcomes and late complications, namely glaucoma. |
|---|
Atividades financiadas
Não foram encontrados projetos financiados.