Publicação
Diagora di Melo e Teodoro di Cirene: due atei?
| Resumo: | Diagoras and Theodorus are two of the atheists remembered in serveal catalogues on atheists in Antiquity, the first of which dates back to the 2nd century BC, and from then on invariably referred to by the ancients to the present day as atheists. In fact, the atheism condemned in Athens had its roots in the pre-Socratic philosophical and scientific culture, whose fundamentally "materialistic" imprint is authoritatively testified to by Aristotle (Metaphysics I 983b5-10). The philosophies of Anaximander, Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, Diogenes of Apollonia, and of course the Atomists and Sophists offered, albeit in different ways, not only important support for the critique of traditional divinities, but also the philosophical foundations of atheism. Diagoras has nothing to do with this tradition; even some events in his life may at most merit the accusation of being impious, but not of being an atheist. Theodore appears to be of a different cultural temperament, close not only to the culture of the Cyrenaic school, but also to that of the Cynics and the Sophists. We have not only references to his philosophical doctrines, but also clear evidence of his atheism, having dedicated himself to "radically eliminating common beliefs in the gods". In conclusion, while Diagora's name can safely be removed from the catalogues of atheists, Theodore's is rightly included. |
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| Autores principais: | Casertano, Giovanni |
| Assunto: | Diagora of Melo Teodoro di Cirene ateismo presocratici Diagora di Melo Teodoro di Cirene ateismo presocratici |
| Ano: | 2023 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | unknown |
| Instituição associada: | Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra |
| Idioma: | Língua italiana |
| Origem: | Archai |
| Resumo: | Diagoras and Theodorus are two of the atheists remembered in serveal catalogues on atheists in Antiquity, the first of which dates back to the 2nd century BC, and from then on invariably referred to by the ancients to the present day as atheists. In fact, the atheism condemned in Athens had its roots in the pre-Socratic philosophical and scientific culture, whose fundamentally "materialistic" imprint is authoritatively testified to by Aristotle (Metaphysics I 983b5-10). The philosophies of Anaximander, Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, Diogenes of Apollonia, and of course the Atomists and Sophists offered, albeit in different ways, not only important support for the critique of traditional divinities, but also the philosophical foundations of atheism. Diagoras has nothing to do with this tradition; even some events in his life may at most merit the accusation of being impious, but not of being an atheist. Theodore appears to be of a different cultural temperament, close not only to the culture of the Cyrenaic school, but also to that of the Cynics and the Sophists. We have not only references to his philosophical doctrines, but also clear evidence of his atheism, having dedicated himself to "radically eliminating common beliefs in the gods". In conclusion, while Diagora's name can safely be removed from the catalogues of atheists, Theodore's is rightly included. |
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