Publicação
Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study
| Resumo: | In addition to environmental pollution issues, social concerns about the sustainability, safety, and quality of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables have been increasing. In order to evaluate if there were any microbiological differences between samples of organic and conventional lettuce, a wide range of parameters were tested, including pathogens and indicator organisms: the enumeration of Escherichia coli; the detection of Salmonella spp.; the detection/enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes; the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. yeasts and molds, and Enterobacteriaceae. This study also evaluated the chemical safety of the lettuce samples, quantifying the nitrate concentration and 20 pesticides (14 organochlorine and 6 organophosphorus pesticides). Significant differences (p<0.05) between the conventional and organic samples were only detected for the counts of total microorganisms at 30◦C. Pathogens were absent in all the samples. The analytical method, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach for pesticide extraction, was suitable for detecting the targeted analyte s; the limit of quantification(LOQ) was between 0.6 and 1.8μg/kg (lower than the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) established by EU legislation). In three organic lettuce samples, one organochlorine pesticide (α-HCH) was observed below the MRLs. For the samples analyzed and for the parameters investigated, except for the total mesophilic counts, the organic and conventional lettuces were not different. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Ferreira, Catarina |
| Outros Autores: | Lopes, Filipa; Costa, Reginaldo; Komora, Norton; Ferreira, Vânia; Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz; Delerue-Matos, Cristina; Teixeira, Paula |
| Assunto: | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| Ano: | 2020 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Católica Portuguesa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa |
| _version_ | 1877783635430473728 |
|---|---|
| author | Ferreira, Catarina |
| author2 | Lopes, Filipa Costa, Reginaldo Komora, Norton Ferreira, Vânia Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz Delerue-Matos, Cristina Teixeira, Paula |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Ferreira, Catarina Lopes, Filipa Costa, Reginaldo Komora, Norton Ferreira, Vânia Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz Delerue-Matos, Cristina Teixeira, Paula |
| author_role | author |
| contributor_name_str_mv | Veritati |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Ferreira, Catarina\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Lopes, Filipa\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Costa, Reginaldo\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Komora, Norton\",\"Person.identifier.cienciaID\":\"D114-BCFA-5EEB\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0002-1118-3629\",\"Person.identifier.scopusAuthorID\":\"57039111500\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Ferreira, Vânia\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0001-7093-9193\",\"Person.identifier.researcherID\":\"K-1343-2014\",\"Person.identifier.scopusAuthorID\":\"8317338900\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz\",\"Person.identifier.cienciaID\":\"5A16-3713-E0CE\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0003-3979-7523\",\"Person.identifier.researcherID\":\"G-4985-2010\",\"Person.identifier.scopusAuthorID\":\"37045954500\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Delerue-Matos, Cristina\",\"Person.identifier.cienciaID\":\"9A1A-43FB-5C27\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0002-3924-776X\",\"Person.identifier.researcherID\":\"D-4990-2013\",\"Person.identifier.scopusAuthorID\":\"6603741848\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Teixeira, Paula\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0002-6296-5137\",\"Person.identifier.researcherID\":\"J-8678-2014\",\"Person.identifier.scopusAuthorID\":\"7005895206\"}] |
| datacite.contributors.contributor.contributorName.fl_str_mv | Veritati |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Ferreira, Catarina Lopes, Filipa Costa, Reginaldo Komora, Norton Ferreira, Vânia Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz Delerue-Matos, Cristina Teixeira, Paula |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2020-10-13T13:47:49Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2020-10-13T13:47:49Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| datacite.subjects.subject.fl_str_mv | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Veritati |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Ferreira, Catarina Lopes, Filipa Costa, Reginaldo Komora, Norton Ferreira, Vânia Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz Delerue-Matos, Cristina Teixeira, Paula |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2020-10-13T13:47:49Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2020-10-13T13:47:49Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31097 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | MDPI |
| dc.rights.cclincense.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| description | In addition to environmental pollution issues, social concerns about the sustainability, safety, and quality of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables have been increasing. In order to evaluate if there were any microbiological differences between samples of organic and conventional lettuce, a wide range of parameters were tested, including pathogens and indicator organisms: the enumeration of Escherichia coli; the detection of Salmonella spp.; the detection/enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes; the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. yeasts and molds, and Enterobacteriaceae. This study also evaluated the chemical safety of the lettuce samples, quantifying the nitrate concentration and 20 pesticides (14 organochlorine and 6 organophosphorus pesticides). Significant differences (p<0.05) between the conventional and organic samples were only detected for the counts of total microorganisms at 30◦C. Pathogens were absent in all the samples. The analytical method, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach for pesticide extraction, was suitable for detecting the targeted analyte s; the limit of quantification(LOQ) was between 0.6 and 1.8μg/kg (lower than the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) established by EU legislation). In three organic lettuce samples, one organochlorine pesticide (α-HCH) was observed below the MRLs. For the samples analyzed and for the parameters investigated, except for the total mesophilic counts, the organic and conventional lettuces were not different. |
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| funding.funder.name_str_mv | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
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| person_str_mv | Ferreira, Catarina Lopes, Filipa Costa, Reginaldo Komora, Norton Komora, Norton https://www.ciencia-id.pt/D114-BCFA-5EEB D114-BCFA-5EEB http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1118-3629 0000-0002-1118-3629 Ferreira, Vânia Ferreira, Vânia http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-9193 0000-0001-7093-9193 Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz https://www.ciencia-id.pt/5A16-3713-E0CE 5A16-3713-E0CE http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-7523 0000-0003-3979-7523 Delerue-Matos, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Cristina https://www.ciencia-id.pt/9A1A-43FB-5C27 9A1A-43FB-5C27 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-776X 0000-0002-3924-776X Teixeira, Paula Teixeira, Paula http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-5137 0000-0002-6296-5137 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | MDPI |
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| spelling | engMDPIpt_PTIn addition to environmental pollution issues, social concerns about the sustainability, safety, and quality of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables have been increasing. In order to evaluate if there were any microbiological differences between samples of organic and conventional lettuce, a wide range of parameters were tested, including pathogens and indicator organisms: the enumeration of Escherichia coli; the detection of Salmonella spp.; the detection/enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes; the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. yeasts and molds, and Enterobacteriaceae. This study also evaluated the chemical safety of the lettuce samples, quantifying the nitrate concentration and 20 pesticides (14 organochlorine and 6 organophosphorus pesticides). Significant differences (p<0.05) between the conventional and organic samples were only detected for the counts of total microorganisms at 30◦C. Pathogens were absent in all the samples. The analytical method, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach for pesticide extraction, was suitable for detecting the targeted analyte s; the limit of quantification(LOQ) was between 0.6 and 1.8μg/kg (lower than the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) established by EU legislation). In three organic lettuce samples, one organochlorine pesticide (α-HCH) was observed below the MRLs. For the samples analyzed and for the parameters investigated, except for the total mesophilic counts, the organic and conventional lettuces were not different.application/pdfpt_PTMicrobiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case studyFerreira, CatarinaLopes, FilipaCosta, ReginaldoPersonalKomora, NortonDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/e201a9dd-e99a-4726-9913-66e7664d9071DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/e201a9dd-e99a-4726-9913-66e7664d9071KomoraNortonCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.ptD114-BCFA-5EEBORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0002-1118-3629Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com57039111500PersonalFerreira, VâniaDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/b8867092-8efe-4663-99d3-7cb6d1a7d89eDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/b8867092-8efe-4663-99d3-7cb6d1a7d89eBorges FerreiraVâniaORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0001-7093-9193Researcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comK-1343-2014Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com8317338900PersonalFernandes, Virgínia CruzDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/1a748606-1ba1-405c-a2f2-8d19fe8a7bc3DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/1a748606-1ba1-405c-a2f2-8d19fe8a7bc3FernandesVirgíniaCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt5A16-3713-E0CEORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0003-3979-7523Researcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comG-4985-2010Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com37045954500PersonalDelerue-Matos, CristinaDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/803f7a37-9fe0-45f6-bf94-b6798d96889cDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/803f7a37-9fe0-45f6-bf94-b6798d96889cDelerue-MatosCristinaCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt9A1A-43FB-5C27ORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0002-3924-776XResearcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comD-4990-2013Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com6603741848PersonalTeixeira, PaulaDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/b918d4a2-b9f9-4c56-8318-111625e4d58bDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/b918d4a2-b9f9-4c56-8318-111625e4d58bTeixeiraPaulaORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0002-6296-5137Researcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comJ-8678-2014Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com7005895206HostingInstitutionOrganizationalVeritatie-mailmailto:repositorio@ucp.ptrepositorio@ucp.ptISSNIsPartOf2304-8158DOIIsPartOf10.3390/foods90912742020-10-13T13:47:49Z20202020-01-01T00:00:00ZHandlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31097http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2open accessOrganic produceMicrobiological contaminationChemical contaminationFoodbornepathogensPesticide residues637954 bytesFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaCentre for Biotechnology and Fine Chemistryinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FMulti%2F50016%2F2019/PTUID/Multi/50016/20196817 - DCRRNI IDCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processesinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F50006%2F2020/PTUIDB/50006/20206817 - DCRRNI IDCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaFruitec-Modern analytical technologies for assess Persistent and Emergent Organic Pollutants in red fruitsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/SFRH%2FBPD%2F109153%2F2015/PTSFRH/BPD/109153/2015POR_NORTECrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871literaturehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501journal article2020http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2application/pdffulltexthttps://repositorio.ucp.pt/bitstreams/3ff6c42a-e3f3-460e-8f48-ac05f9e87245/downloadFoods99 |
| spellingShingle | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study Ferreira, Catarina Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| status | SINGLETON |
| subject.fl_str_mv | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| title | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| title_full | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| title_fullStr | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| title_short | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| title_sort | Microbiological and chemical quality of portuguese lettuce - results of a case study |
| topic | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| topic_facet | Organic produce Microbiological contamination Chemical contamination Foodbornepathogens Pesticide residues |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31097 |
| visible | 1 |