A discussão sobre o desenvolvimento sustentável é cada vez mais presente na sociedade atual em razão da necessidade de desafios urgentes como a mitigação dos efeitos ambientais e sociais das mudanças climáticas serem corretamente endereçados. Nessa seara, a utilização de critérios ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) tanto por investidores na tomada de decisões de investimentos, quanto por sociedades comerciais em sua dinâmica empresarial é uma crescente tendência verificada em nível global. Tal cenário impõe aos governantes e legisladores a criação de um arcabouço jurídico capaz de encorajar uma transição verde, bem como demanda ao setor financeiro repensar seus modelos de negócio, de modo a adequá-los aos moldes de uma economia sustentável e resiliente. Assim, o propósito da presente dissertação é a análise dos impactos causados pelos fatores ESG no direito financeiro sob uma perspectiva ampla. Nesse rumo, será avaliada a influência de tais fatores na elaboração de atos normativos, com especial atenção aos desenvolvidos na União Europeia, e de soft law ao nível internacional. Em paralelo, também será discutido o fenômeno do surgimento de instrumentos financeiros mobiliários alinhados aos critérios ESG dos quais, as obrigações verdes são o exemplo de maior destaque. Por fim, o estudo ponderará acerca da contribuição da temática ESG para o aprimoramento dos modelos de governança corporativa e o incentivo à atuação da administração da sociedade comercial de modo mais transparente e responsável.

PURPOSE: The criteria to screen for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus are not internationally consensual. In opposition to the universal screening performed in Portugal, certain countries advocate a risk-factor-based screening. We aim to compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with and without risk factors treated for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. METHODS: Retrospective and multicentric study of 12,006 pregnant women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus between 2011 and 2015, in Portugal. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus was diagnosed according to the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. RISK FACTORS: body mass index > 30kg/m2, history of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, history of macrossomic newborn (birth weight > 4000 g) or first-degree relatives with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: lack of data concerning risk factors (n = 1563). RESULTS: At least one risk factor was found in 68.2% (n = 7123) pregnant women. Pregnant women with risk factors were more frequently medicated with insulin (p < 0.001), caesarean section was more commonly performed (p < 0.001), their newborns were more frequently large-for-gestational-age (p < 0.001) and neonatal morbidity was higher (p = 0.040) in comparison to pregnant women without risk factors. The Diabetes Mellitus reclassification test showed an increased frequency of intermediate hyperglycaemia and Diabetes Mellitus in women with risk factors (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Almost one-third of pregnant women would have remained undiagnosed if risk-based-factor screening were implemented in Portugal. Women without risk factors presented fewer obstetric and neonatal complications. However, more than one third required insulin therap

Primary aldosteronism is one of the most prevalent causes of secondary hypertension. It is characterized by inappropriately high and partially autonomous aldosterone production by the adrenal gland. The diagnosis warrants a high aldosterone/renin ratio and, in some cases, a confirmatory test. The treatment is laparoscopic adrenalectomy or medical therapy with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The authors describe the case of a 55-year-old patient with hypokalemia and hypertension refractory to therapy for 16 years. The investigation was compatible with primary aldosteronism by aldosterone-producing adenoma. The patient underwent right laparoscopic adrenalectomy, with substantial improvement of symptomology. The case report aims to describe an important cause of secondary hypertension that if detected and managed adequately may allow the resolution of hypertension. Received: 10/10/2016 - Accepted: 03/06/2017

Primary aldosteronism is one of the most prevalent causes of secondary hypertension. It is characterized by inappropriately high and partially autonomous aldosterone production by the adrenal gland. The diagnosis warrants a high aldosterone/renin ratio and, in some cases, a confirmatory test. The treatment is laparoscopic adrenalectomy or medical therapy with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The authors describe the case of a 55-year-old patient with hypokalemia and hypertension refractory to therapy for 16 years. The investigation was compatible with primary aldosteronism by aldosterone-producing adenoma. The patient underwent right laparoscopic adrenalectomy, with substantial improvement of symptomology. The case report aims to describe an important cause of secondary hypertension that if detected and managed adequately may allow the resolution of hypertension. Received: 10/10/2016 - Accepted: 03/06/2017

This paper assumes that investment funds in participation (FIP) have legal status of a condominium, albeit without denying the importance of the various doctrinal works which attempted to determine other nature based on systematic interpretations or even on analogy. The legal status of condominium is adopted not only as a result of what is provided by the existing law and the regulation imposed by the regulatory agency, but also on the grounds of CVM precedents. Upon the admission of the condominium legal status of the FIP, the paper then proceeds to examine the so-called legal transplant of such investment framework, from its development in certain historical and regional backgrounds, until it reaches the current domestic reality, as well as taking into account its importance and its regulatory framework in relation to proper market development. The paper briefly describes how to establish a FIP, its operation and taxation, the latter being one of the rationales that would justify the choice of this single archetype in relation to what is practiced in certain other jurisdictions. Once taken over the distinguished legal nature of the FIP compared with observed overseas frameworks, the paper reviews the legal consequences arising from its condominium nature especially in light of the five-year limit that the Civil Code provides as its term and also facing the right that condominium member / quotaholder may exercise by requiring the dissolution of the joint ownership. Given the risks that eventual opportunistic behavior by one or more quotaholders may cause it is suggested practical measures in structuring the FIP which may contribute to mitigate the risks exposed throughout the paper.