O objetivo é analisar como planejamento urbano e desenhourbano são conceituados, contemporaneamente, de modoindividual e em sua relação. São analisadas obras de referênciasob os aspectos do conceito específico de cada campo eda relação entre eles. Conclui-se, sobre as abordagens contemporâneas:(a) o conceito e a relação entre os campos éentendida de modo desigual entre os autores que a avaliam,(b) apresentam pequeno debate interno, (c) tendem a valorizarum campo em detrimento de outro, (d) diferenciam-se em “organizadoras”e “críticas”

Esta dissertação de mestrado demonstrou que o nacional de um Estado-membro da União Europeia pode ser considerado como cidadão de qualquer outro dos 26 Estados-membros da mesma União, desde que resida no território deste: o nome disso é supranacionalidade. Para se chegar a esta, o caso concreto paradigmático foi o do julgamento do belga Jean-Marc Bosman, então jogador de futebol, pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, em decisão que influenciou o próprio Tratado de Maastricht, norma geral e abstrata posterior que fixou peremptoriamente a supranacionalidade como regra de observância obrigatória pelos Estados nacionais da União. Antes disso e para compreender a supranacionalidade, este texto científico perpassou os seguintes passos: diferençou Direito Internacional Público de Direito nacional; distinguiu Direito Internacional Público de Direito Comunitário europeu; apresentou a formação da União, desde as Comunidades de outrora; estudou a história, a estrutura e a eficácia do processo decisório do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia. Sem estes caminhos prévios, não se teria alcançado o objetivo central desta dissertação: o de provar que a supranacionalidade europeia é um Direito Fundamental em termos de livre circulação de pessoas, fator este que afastou da União a ideia de ser esta somente um bloco composto por coisas (em termos econômicos), mas também - e sobretudo! - por pessoas humanas partícipes do processo civilizatório supranacional mais sofisticado da contemporaneidade. Esta dissertação utilizou-se da metodologia da análise doutrinal e jurisprudencial.

Bovine brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, mainly Brucella abortus, which is considered a worldwide zoonosis. The objective of the present study was to study the judgment and fate criteria for carcasses and offal for bovine brucellosis in slaughterhouses in Brazil, from 2010 to 2018, describing the number of animals slaughtered and detailing the distribution of convictions. The data were obtained through the electronic platform of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply under the responsibility of the Federal Inspection Service. The states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo and Goiás stood out, as they contributed significantly to the beef market. Of the 102,642 pieces ordered, 92,048 units were destined for greasing, 7,503 units for canning / sterilization heat treatment and 2,949 pieces were released by the Inspection Service, after evaluation and verification that they would not pose risks to public health. Considering that Brazil is responsible for supplying significant quantities of beef to both the domestic and international markets, the losses observed by the convictions generate considerable damage due to the occurrence of alterations suggestive of brucellosis.

Resumo Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar o papel de guardião exercido pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE) para a proteção do Direito Fundamental Comunitário à livre circulação de trabalhadores no âmbito do bloco econômico europeu e a importância do fluxo migratório para a manutenção do referido bloco. O escopo deste artigo analisa, previamente, o surgimento das Comunidades Europeias e a necessidade de defesa, reconstrução e estabilização da Europa após o término da Segunda Guerra Mundial, bem como se debruça sobre os Tratados de Paris e Roma, propulsores das Comunidades Europeias, caracterizados como um ordenamento jurídico autônomo e de grande importância para o desenvolvimento do Direito primário europeu. Em seguida, discorre sobre a circulação dos trabalhadores no âmbito da União Europeia (UE) e o direito do cidadão europeu de procurar emprego, trabalhar, se estabelecer ou prestar serviços em qualquer Estado-membro da UE, para então abordar a temática do papel do TJUE como guardião do Direito Fundamental Comunitário europeu à livre circulação de trabalhadores. Após a análise de recentes julgados da Corte de Justiça europeia resta demonstrada, para a devida manutenção do bloco europeu, a necessidade de proteção à livre circulação de trabalhadores europeus, em respeito aos tratados instituidores da União Europeia. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa é crítico-reflexiva, que se opera através da revisão bibliográfica e da análise de casos concretos apreciados pelo TJUE.

O conceito de articulação e de sequencialidade das aprendizagens feitas pelos alunos, ao longo da escolaridade obrigatória, encontra-se muito ligada à construção dos Agrupamentos de Escolas e em função do Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória. O presente estudo desenvolvido num Agrupamento de Escolas permitiu-nos entender o que pensam os docentes de 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico sobre esta problemática e de que modo a articulação vertical curricular é implementada entre estes dois ciclos. Através deste estudo, concluímos que os docentes entendem o que se pretende com a articulação vertical e que se preocupam com o facto desta prática não estar ainda enraizada no exercício profissional. Para os docentes o trabalho colaborativo entre estes dois ciclos é de fulcral importância, assim como a reflexão sobre as práticas pedagógicas. Daí considerarmos o papel da supervisão pedagógica, num sentido dialógico, na promoção da articulação vertical, porque a partilha, os olhares conjuntos, a confrontação e negociação, entre outros, provoca uma melhoria biunívoca, deveras importante para a melhoria da prestação do serviço educativo. As dificuldades que os alunos sentem aquando da transição de ciclo aponta para diferentes culturas profissionais e para uma necessidade de articulação curricular e de atividades conjuntas entre os ciclos. Este trabalho de projeto serviu ainda para (co)construir uma proposta de articulação curricular vertical que poderá ser implementada pelo Agrupamento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: articulação vertical; currículo; colaboração; supervisão dialógica.

Background: Health and fitness apps have potential benefits to improve self-management and disease control among patients with asthma. However, inconsistent use rates have been reported across studies, regions, and health systems. A better understanding of the characteristics of users and nonusers is critical to design solutions that are effectively integrated in patients’ daily lives, and to ensure that these equitably reach out to different groups of patients, thus improving rather than entrenching health inequities. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of general health and fitness apps by patients with asthma and to identify determinants of usage. Methods: A secondary analysis of the INSPIRERS observational studies was conducted using data from face-to-face visits. Patients with a diagnosis of asthma were included between November 2017 and August 2020. Individual-level data were collected, including age, gender, marital status, educational level, health status, presence of anxiety and depression, postcode, socioeconomic level, digital literacy, use of health services, and use of health and fitness apps. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model the probability of being a health and fitness app user. Statistical analysis was performed in R. Results: A total of 526 patients attended a face-to-face visit in the 49 recruiting centers and 514 had complete data. Most participants were ≤40 years old (66.4%), had at least 10 years of education (57.4%), and were in the 3 higher quintiles of the socioeconomic deprivation index (70.1%). The majority reported an overall good health status (visual analogue scale [VAS] score>70 in 93.1%) and the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 34.3% and 11.9%, respectively. The proportion of participants who reported using health and fitness mobile apps was 41.1% (n=211). Multivariate models revealed that single individuals and those with more than 10 years of education are more likely to use health and fitness mobile apps (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.22, 95%CI 1.05-4.75 and aOR 1.95, 95%CI 1.12-3.45, respectively). Higher digital literacy scores were also associated with higher odds of being a user of health and fitness apps, with participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles reporting aORs of 6.74 (95%CI 2.90-17.40), 10.30 (95%CI 4.28-27.56), and 11.52 (95%CI 4.78-30.87), respectively. Participants with depression symptoms had lower odds of using health and fitness apps (aOR 0.32, 95%CI 0.12-0.83). Conclusions: A better understanding of the barriers and enhancers of app use among patients with lower education, lower digital literacy, or depressive symptoms is key to design tailored interventions to ensure a sustained and equitable use of these technologies. Future studies should also assess users’ general health-seeking behavior and their interest and concerns specifically about digital tools. These factors may impact both initial engagement and sustained use.

We aimed to identify persistent asthma phenotypes among adolescents and to evaluate longitudinally asthma-related outcomes across phenotypes. Adolescents (13-17 years) from the prospective, observational, and multicenter INSPIRERS studies, conducted in Portugal and Spain, were included (n = 162). Latent class analysis was applied to demographic, environmental, and clinical variables, collected at a baseline medical visit. Longitudinal differences in clinical variables were assessed at a 4-month follow-up telephone contact (n = 128). Three classes/phenotypes of persistent asthma were identified. Adolescents in class 1 (n = 87) were highly symptomatic at baseline and presented the highest number of unscheduled healthcare visits per month and exacerbations per month, both at baseline and follow-up. Class 2 (n = 32) was characterized by female predominance, more frequent obesity, and uncontrolled upper/lower airways symptoms at baseline. At follow-up, there was a significant increase in the proportion of controlled lower airway symptoms (p < 0.001). Class 3 (n = 43) included mostly males with controlled lower airways symptoms; at follow-up, while keeping symptom control, there was a significant increase in exacerbations/month (p = 0.015). We have identified distinct phenotypes of persistent asthma in adolescents with different patterns in longitudinal asthma-related outcomes, supporting the importance of profiling asthma phenotypes in predicting disease outcomes that might inform targeted interventions and reduce future risk.

© 2020, Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clinica. All rights reserved. Aims: To identify distinct asthma control clusters based on Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT) and to compare patients’ characteristics among these clusters. Methods: Adults and adolescents (≥13 years) with persistent asthma were recruited at 29 Portuguese hospital outpatient clinics, in the context of two observational studies of the INSPIRERS project. Demographic and clinical characteristics, adherence to inhaled medication, beliefs about inhaled medication, anxiety and depression, quality of life, and asthma control (CARAT, >24 good control) were collected. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using CARAT total score (CARAT-T). Results: 410 patients (68% adults), with a median (percentile 25–percentile 75) age of 28 (16-46) years, were analysed. Three clusters were identified [mean CARAT-T (min-max)]: cluster 1 [27(24-30)], cluster 2 [19(14-23)] and cluster 3 [10(2-13)]. Patients in cluster 1 (34%) were characterised by better asthma control, better quality of life, higher inhaler adherence and use of a single inhaler. Patients in clusters 2 (50%) and 3 (16%) had uncontrolled asthma, lower inhaler adherence, more symptoms of anxiety and depression and more than half had at least one exacerbation in the previous year. Further-more, patients in cluster 3 were predominantly female, had more unscheduled medical visits and more anxiety symp-toms, perceived a higher necessity of their prescribed inhalers but also higher levels of concern about taking these inhalers. There were no differences in age, body mass index, lung function, smoking status, hospital admissions or specialist physician follow-up time among the three clusters. Conclusion: An unsupervised method based on CARAT--T, identified 3 clusters of patients with distinct, clinically meaningful characteristics. The cluster with better asthma control had a cut-off similar to the established in the validation study of CARAT and an additional cut-off seems to distinguish more severe disease. Further research is necessary to validate the asthma control clusters identified.