The aim of this study was to compare and correlate spatiotemporal parameters that would indicate falls risk. Thirty-five healthy women without a history of falls in the previous year were selected. Five spatiotemporal parameters were collected from right (R) and left (L) lower limbs using three-dimensional gait analysis. Two groups: young women (20-40 years) and adult/older women (50-70 years) were analyzed. The comparisons between the groups differed in R (p=0.003) and L (p=0.002) stride length, R (p=0.008) and L (p=0.001) step length, L stance period (p=0.008), R step period (p=0.049), L double support time (p=0.003), step width (p=0.005), L loading response time (p=0.001), R (p=0.001) and L (p=0.001) pre-swing time. Gait cycle percentage data also showed statistical difference in L stance (p=0.001), L swing (p=0.001), L single support (p=0.025), L loading response (p=0.001), R (p=0.014) and L (p=0.001) pre-swing. Linear regression indicated that step and stride length increased 18% and gait velocity increased 20% with age variation. The results propose that functional measures (velocity, step and stride length) decrease as age increases, while stability measures (stance, double support and pre-swing time) increase. These findings suggest that women aged between 50-70 years may have falls risk. Women aged 50-60 are usually considered as having low falls risk.

Objetivou-se comparar e correlacionar medidas temporoespaciais da marcha indicativas de quedas. Participaram do estudo 35 mulheres saudáveis, sem histórico de quedas no ano da avaliação. A análise computadorizada tridimensional da marcha forneceu cinco medidas temporoespaciais de cada participante, dos membros inferiores direito (D) e esquerdo (E). A análise inferencial abordou dois grupos de mulheres: jovens (20 40 anos) e adultas-idosas (50-70 anos). Houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos para comprimento da passada D (p=0,003) e E (p=0,002); passo D (p=0,008) e E (p=0,001); tempo de apoio E (p=0,008); tempo de passo D (p=0,049); tempo de apoio duplo E (p=0,003); largura da base E (p=0,005); resposta à carga E (p=0,001); pré-balanço D (p=0,001) e E (p=0,001) e para algumas medidas em percentil do ciclo de marcha: apoio E (p=0,001); balanço E (p=0,001); apoio simples E (p=0,025); resposta à carga E (p=0,00); pré-balanço E (p=0,001) e pré-balanço D (p=0,014). A regressão linear indicou que a variação da idade modificou em média 18% as medidas de comprimento do passo e da passada e em 20% a velocidade da marcha. Com o avanço da idade, as medidas funcionais diminuíram; e, consequentemente, as medidas de estabilidade, como duração dos períodos de apoio, apoio duplo e pré-balanço, aumentaram. Essas modificações indicam risco de queda na faixa etária de 50 a 70 anos. Algumas medidas de marcha podem apresentar alteração em uma faixa etária ainda considerada de baixo risco.

Objetivou-se relacionar a marcha do jovem e do idoso. Estudo retrospectivo, do banco de dados de indivíduos saudáveis, cuja análise de marcha foi realizada no Laboratório de Movimento da Universidade Estadual de Goiás(UEG). As variáveis observadas foram: cinemática das articulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo; velocidade e cadência da marcha; altura e comprimento do passo; tempo da fase de apoio e balanço; velocidade do calcâneo no contato inicial e distância do pé ao solo na maior velocidade do balanço. Utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitneypara amostras não paramétricas e independentes nas análises estatísticas. Os resultados mostraram, no grupo idoso, menor velocidade e cadência, adotando um tempo de apoio relativamente maior; menor amplitude de movimento de tornozelo,sobretudo em flexão plantar, que influencia a tomada de impulso e execução mais lenta dos movimentos, gerando um ciclo de marcha maior. Essas alterações associadas a fatores internos e externos predispõem às quedas. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

High blood glucose levels results in deleterious effects to the the peripheral nervous system, causing sensory and motor damage. Neuromotor reaction time (RT) measurements are a sensitive indicator of functional impairment in different populations. The aim of the present study was to identify and analyze national and international literature on the impact of diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) over RT measurements and the main mechanisms for such correlation. This integrative review was conducted by ressarching the LILACS, BIREME, SCOPUS, Cochrane and Pubmed databases in July 2020 and August 2020. In the end, 14 articles were selected, all in English. The results show that the TR in DM2 cases associated with neuropathy was higher than expected when compared to other populations. Therefore, the RT measurement is a viable alternative in the diagnosis of DM2-associated neurological disorders, due do its sensitivity to changes in the velocity of nerve impulse conduction, slowed down in DM-2 associated neuropathy. RT assessments can be employed as diagnostic and screening measures when dealing with these patients, with emphasis on preventing severe outcomes such as ulcers and amputations. Future studies should investigate possible instrumental and methodological standardization, in addition to the validation of a national product that explores RT in the Brazilian population.                                                                    

The association of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-COV-2) with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (API) is called CAPA.  Clinical treatment protocols are not described in the world or national literature   resulting in low efficacy and high mortality. The objective was to associate the manifestations of SARS-COV-2 and API, in relation to the diagnostic methods, pulmonary dysfunction   and clinical outcome. The systematic literature review was based on Pubmed, with English descriptors: “aspergilosis”, “covid”, “histology”, boolean "and", with filters: human and published from 2019. 31 articles were identified and 10 were included. The diagnosis for API included research of the Aspergillus galactomannan antigen in serum or sputum, Aspergillus PCR in tracheal aspirate and culture of respiratory samples. The highlighted respiratory compromises are ground-glass opacities, nodular consolidations, bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrate, with death as one of the common outcome. CAPA is a co-infection process, future clinical trials are necessary to develop integrated diagnosis, to improve the clinical outcome and minimize mortality.

Objective: To compare the effect of pilates and multimodalities on muscle strength and balance in the elderly. Methodology: Cross-sectional case-control study, conducted in Goiânia-GO, with 62 elderly women, divided into two groups: Multimodalities and pilates. The manual gripping force (FPM) and the balance were evaluated by Stabilometry. Results: The pilates contributed to higher FPM as well, demonstrated lower ellipse surface, which implies in better balance. However, there was no relationship or prediction of MPF on balance in both groups. Conclusion: pilates promoted greater gains in muscle strength and static balance. However, although muscle strength was the variable with the best result, it did not show a relationship with balance.

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar o efeito do pilates e de multimodalidades sobre a força muscular e o equilíbrio em idosas. Metodologia: Estudo transversal do tipo caso-controle, feito em Goiânia-GO, com 62 idosas, divididas em dois grupos: multimodalidades e pilates. Avaliaram-se a força de preensão manual (FPM) e o equilíbrio por meio da estabilometria. Resultados: O pilates contribuiu para maior FPM, bem como demonstrou menor superfície da elipse, o que implica melhor equilíbrio. Porém, não houve relação nem predição da FPM sobre o equilíbrio em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: O pilates promoveu maior ganho de força muscular e equilíbrio estático, entretanto, apesar de a força muscular ser a variável com melhor resultado, essa não mostrou relação com o equilíbrio.

Se estudia si hay eficacia la asociación de los ejercicios de equilibrio en el suelo con el acondicionamiento cardiorrespiratorio en el agua en la capacidad funcional y en el riesgo de caídas de mujeres mayores. De este estudio clínico no aleatorizado a ciegas participaron 24 mujeres (60,79±5,51), evaluadas durante tres meses. Se emplearon las siguientes: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Quick Screen Clinical Falls Risk Assessment (QSCFRA) y la Prueba de Caminata de 6 minutos (PC6). Aunque los índices de equilibrio presentaron mejoras, no fueron estadísticamente significantes. El riesgo de caídas (p

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the gait pattern of elderly women with and without fall-history, with high and low fear of falling, when exposed to a disturbing factor. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine elderly women without cognitive impairment agreed to participate. Participants were divided into four groups, considering the history of falls and fear of falling. Three-dimensional gait analysis was performed to assess gait kinematics before and after exposure to the fictional disturbing factor (psychological and non-motor agent). Results: After being exposed to the perturbation, all showed shorter step length, stride length and slower walking speed. Those without fall-history and with high fear of falling showed greater changes and lower Gait Profile Score. Conclusion: The gait changes shown in the presence of a fear-of-falling causing agent led to a cautious gait pattern in an attempt to increase protection. However, those changes increased fall-risk, boosted by fear of falling.