Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, particularly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence has been increasing in recent years, currently affecting around 25% of the world's population. The hallmark of its pathophysiology lies in insulin resistance and the accumulation of fat inside hepatocytes. Several clinical scores allow cost-effective screening, such as FIB-4 and NFS. Although it is considered the gold standard, liver biopsy can often be avoided by using hepatic elastography. Numerous drugs used in diabetes have therapeutic potential in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, with the most studied class being GLP-1 receptor agonists. The bidirectional pathophysiological association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and diabetes will enable the development of this field and the emergence of new therapies

O principal objetivo que pretendemos alcançar com este livro, refere-se ao aumento de conhecimento e consequente maior sensibilização sobre os comportamentos de bullying, suas diferentes facetas e repercussões, por parte dos professores. Procuramos em paralelo contribuir para o desenvolvimento de competências, por parte dos professores e alunos, na forma de lidar com os comportamentos de bullying. O desenvolvimento destas competências pode permitir não só a prevenção de futuras ocorrências como, simultaneamente, a diminuição dos níveis de incidência existentes na escola. Assim, a organização do presente livro foi pensada no sentido de poder responder a duas diferentes mas interligadas necessidades por parte dos professores, uma de natureza mais conceptual, que se refere a um conhecimento mais aprofundado acerca deste fenómeno nas suas mais diversas facetas e, outra, de natureza mais operacional, que se refere à posse de materiais que possam mediar o trabalho a realizar com os alunos. Nesta segunda parte, são apresentadas algumas sugestões de sessões, com a respetiva estrutura, metodologia, anos de escolaridade a que melhor se adaptam e indicação dos materiais que melhor permitam atingir os objetivos da sessão.

Trata-se de uma história infantil, em banda desenhada, que aborda o dia a dia de um aluno vítima de bullying na escola. Ao longo da história é enfatizado o papel do grupo de pares assim como dos adultos. No final surge uma parte intitulada "O que aprendeste com esta história?", onde são apresentadas algumas ideias que podem ser lidas e refletidas, nomeadamente em conjunto com os pais, permitindo uma exploração mais ampla.

This paper focuses on the ways our societies deal with non-central corporalities, that is, those corpo ralities that depart from the socially constructed standard model of what the body should be. It begins by taking the body as a privileged locus for the communication between the biological, the individual and the sociocultural, and defining the core concepts of the ensuing analysis: corporality, bodily centrality, natural symbol, and incorporation. It then moves on to question the rise of the body in the contemporary, hiperindividualistic societies, and highlights social processes that produce the norms about what the body should be. Such norms turn into metaphors the images of bodies on the examination table, the passerelle and the podium. We then present the notion of the peripheral body as that from which emanates signs that are deval ued by the standards of body centrality. Physical deformities and obesity are shown as examples of how the body can be a source of stigma and the locus of psychological suffering in common interaction processes. We attempt to provide elements for the analytical questions that run through the paper: what processes lead a given social object to become a part of the center or, on the contrary, be relegated to the periphery? How the peripheral is socially constructed? What are the social and psychological consequences of being seen as a peripheral body?

Fusarium circinatum is one of the many threats to forests and Pinus nurseries all over the world, being classified as a quarantine organism by several organizations and governing bodies, such as the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) and the European Union (EU), with associated phytosanitary measures in place to prevent its spread through the various means of dispersal. One such means of dispersal is the water used for irrigation in nurseries, which can contain fungal propagules. Three different treatments, namely, Desogerme, Intra Hydrocare and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), were tested for their efficacy in eliminating F. circinatum spores in water at several concentrations. Those that showed 100% disinfection rates were selected for further assays regarding seed germination and water quality impact. From these studies, Desogerme 1% and Intra Hydrocare 4% were then selected for large-scale seed germination and plant certification assays in nurseries, where they showed promising results in regard to the prevention of infections in nurseries, and in this way, contribute to the efforts of mitigating this disease.

The main objective of this paper is to present an indoor position method, developed for museums and hospitals, in order to known the position of persons and equipments. The method is composed by a particle filter algorithm to be embedded in smartphones or tags. The main goal is to develop a light method to run by not very powerful microprocessors, energized by batteries. The position method presented is based on a Wi-Fi structure, to lighten the use of the communication network, the position is generated by each device from raw data received locally.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to analyze the effects of strength training on the quality of life (QoL) of older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia, contributing to a better understanding of the impact of this intervention on the physical and psychological well-being of this population. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted on the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases, including studies published until 2025. Randomized controlled trials that applied strength training interventions in individuals aged 60 years or older with sarcopenia were included, evaluating QoL as the primary outcome. Data screening, extraction, and analysis were performed by two independent investigators. Results: Three studies from the United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, and China were included, with interventions ranging from 6 to 16 weeks. The results showed that strength training can improve the quality of life of older adults with sarcopenia (instruments: SarQoL, SF-36, WHOQOL-BREF), being more effective in high-intensity and supervised interventions. One of the studies revealed significant improvements (p < 0.001), while the others showed non-significant increases. Conclusions: Strength training proved to be a promising intervention for promoting improvements in the quality of life of older adults with sarcopenia, especially when performed at adequate intensity and with regular monitoring. However, further studies with larger samples, long-term follow-up, and standardization of QoL assessment tools are needed.

A investigação e conceptualização do uso de drogas e da toxicodependência em Portugai têm sido ditadas pelas posições perceptivas possíveis a partir dos dispositivos de controle da droga. Relevam desta estratégia de saber-poder sobre a nova figura da desordem as investigações com base no material clínico da toxicodependência e as investigações com base na técnica do questionário. Fazemos o levantamento de algumas das insuficiências destas estratégias - que se inscrevem no movimento mais geral da falência dum paradigma perante um facto que, transgredindo a ordem social, transgride a ordem do saber - e defendemos a necessidade doutras posições perceptivas que deixem ler proximalmente o fenómeno. Recorreremos, como ilustração, à descrição da pesquisa de terreno que efectuamos sobre as drogas num contexto urbano-industrial, terminando com alguns apontamentos sobre o estatuto epistemológico da investigação nas ciências sociais.

Complexity is core part of our lives. Aware or not, people need to understand and communicate complex ideas and perspectives. Understanding and communicating complexity can be facilitated through interactive simulations. Doing so in the physical world is often impractical, however. Users and developers are overloaded with information and ambiguity, costs are prohibitive, and unsupervised physical simulations raise safety concerns. Novel immersive technology might hold the key to transforming how we tackle understanding and communicating complexity. In this position paper, we propose empowering user agency and perception to take part in complex learning experiences and create their own, combining two factors: enhanced visual and spatial context provided by location-awareness, immersive environments, and somatic, embodied agency; and enhanced cultural and social context by leveraging as input methods the rich semantics of cultural-social gestures and rituals. To deem the feasibility of this argument, we propose developing two culture-aware prototypes, one for the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Montana, United States, and another for a Western Europe cultural context.

With the emergence of new low-cost gestural interaction devices various studies have been developed on multi-modal human-computer interaction to improve user experience. We present an exploratory study which analysed the user experience with a multimodal interaction game prototype. As a result, we propose a set of preliminary recommendations for combined use of such devices and present implications for advancing the multimodal field in human-computer interaction.