The aim of this study was to compare the solvent volatilization rate and evaluate the sealing ability of different one-bottle adhesives that were in constant clinical use – an ethanol/water-based adhesive (Single Bond, 3M/ESPE – SB) and an acetone-based adhesive (Prime & Bond 2.1, Dentsply/Caulk – PB). Nine bottles of each agent were collected from the clinics of a dental school, and new ones were used as controls. The weight of all bottles and of empty bottles was determined using an analytical balance. A drop of each solution was dispensed onto the balance, taking its initial weight(IW) and, after 10 min, its final weight(FW). The IW/FW ratio was used to determine the solvent’s volatilization rate. The bottles with the highest evaporation levels (SB Control and PB Control) and with the lowest evaporation levels (SB Test and PB Test) of each agent were applied in Class V restorations with margins in dentin. Specimens were thermocycled and immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsin solution. Dye penetration was evaluated under magnification and the data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test. Solvent volatilization was faster for the acetone-based adhesive. IW/FW ratios ranged from 1.239 to 1.515 for SB, and from 3.488 to 6.476 for PB. The PB-Control and SB-Control groups exhibited similar microleakage patterns. The highest dye penetration scores were found for the PB-Test group (p < 0.05). Results indicate that the sealing ability can be affected by the repeated opening of acetone-based adhesive bottles.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the solubility of gutta-percha in four organic solvents used in endodontics. The solubility of gutta-percha (Dentsply) was assessed in xylol, orange oil, eucalyptol, chloroform and distilled water. A hundred and fifty samples of gutta-percha were prepared using a standardized stainless steel mould and divided into five groups for immersion in the different solvents tested and in distilled water (control group) for 2, 5 and 10 minutes. The means of gutta-percha dissolution in the solvents were obtained by the difference between the pre-immersion original weight and the post-immersion weight in a digital analytical scale (Gehaka - AG2000). Data were statistically analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons with Scheffe’s test (p < 0.05). The best solvency capacity was obtained with xylol. Chloroform, orange oil and eucalyptol presented similar results, and distilled water did not promote alterations in the gutta-percha.

The aim of this study was to compare the solvent volatilization rate and evaluate the sealing ability of different one-bottle adhesives that were in constant clinical use - an ethanol/water-based adhesive (Single Bond, 3M/ESPE - SB) and an acetone-based adhesive (Prime &amp; Bond 2.1, Dentsply/Caulk - PB). Nine bottles of each agent were collected from the clinics of a dental school, and new ones were used as controls. The weight of all bottles and of empty bottles was determined using an analytical balance. A drop of each solution was dispensed onto the balance, taking its initial weight (IW) and, after 10 min, its final weight (FW). The IW/FW ratio was used to determine the solvent’s volatilization rate. The bottles with the highest evaporation levels (SB Control and PB Control) and with the lowest evaporation levels (SB Test and PB Test) of each agent were applied in Class V restorations with margins in dentin. Specimens were thermocycled and immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsin solution. Dye penetration was evaluated under magnification and the data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test. Solvent volatilization was faster for the acetone-based adhesive. IW/FW ratios ranged from 1.239 to 1.515 for SB, and from 3.488 to 6.476 for PB. The PB-Control and SB-Control groups exhibited similar microleakage patterns. The highest dye penetration scores were found for the PB-Test group (p < 0.05). Results indicate that the sealing ability can be affected by the repeated opening of acetone-based adhesive bottles.

O ácido ascórbico, vitamina C, é usado extensivamente na indústria de alimentos, não só devido ao seu valor nutricional, mas devido a suas contribuições funcionais na qualidade do produto. Existem muitos estudos sobre a estabilidade cinética do ácido ascórbico em bebidas, mas nenhum estudo foi encontrado sobre as constantes cinéticas de degradação do ácido ascórbico adicionado em purê de pêssego. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a cinética de degradação do ácido ascórbico em purê de pêssego da cultivar Jade, em condições anaeróbicas e na faixa de 70 a 90 °C. As concentrações de purês testadas foram 12, 22 e 32 °Brix. A análise cinética dos dados sugere que a degradação foi significativamente representada pelos modelos cinéticos de zero e primeira ordem. A velocidade de degradação do ácido ascórbico foi dependente da temperatura. A energia de ativação média foi de 45 kJ.mol-1 e independente da concentração de sólidos solúveis.

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em avaliar duas novas alternativas de suplementação, Equalizer e Lithothamnium calcareum, comparando-as com o Bicarbonato de Sódio, sobre o pH ruminal e odor do líquido ruminal, de ovinos alimentados com diferentes proporções de volumoso e concentrado.

O objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar, mensalmente, os níveis de flúor na água de abastecimento público de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, bem como verificar a validade da formação de grupos de heterocontrole. Pelotas foi dividida em 16 pontos geográficos, incluindo as três Estações de Tratamento da água e a coleta foi feita de novembro de 1999 a outubro de 2001, em duplicata. Após a coleta, as amostras foram enviadas ao Laboratório de Vigilância Sanitária de Flúor da Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, onde a análise foi feita utilizando-se o método eletrométrico (Orion 920A/Eletrodo Orion 9609). Após 24 meses, 764 unidades amostrais foram coletadas e verificou-se uma inconstância nos resultados, predominando níveis insuficientes de flúor até o primeiro trimestre de 2001, quando houve um significativo aumento no número de unidades amostrais com uma concentração de flúor ideal (0,6-0,9ppmF), porém, há o surgimento de pontos revelando um excesso de fluoretos (> 1ppmF). Os resultados permitiram concluir que o heterocontrole é fundamental para buscar a manutenção de um correto programa de FAAP.

The consumption of homemade doce de leite, which is sold in street markets, is very common in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Generally, these products are not manufactured according to good hygiene guidelines, and may be a risk to consumers’ health. The aim of the present study was to analyze microbiologically samples of doce de leite commercialized in street markets in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, according to the present legislation of Brazil’s National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), and thus verify the sanitary conditions of this product. Samples of doce de leite were randomly acquired from street markets in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Among the 12 street markets registered in the Pelotas City Council, doce de leite samples were found in only five. The microbiological analyses were carried out according to document RDC n° 12 (Jan. 12, 2001) from Brazil’s National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa). Based on the methodologies employed, no microbial pathogen isolates were detected in the investigated samples of doce de leite. According to the criteria established by document RDC n° 12, it was concluded that none of the doce de leite samples revealed pathogenic bacterial contamination.

In vitro tests could be a valuable tool for the evaluation of medicinal plants’ antimicrobial activity. Mentha arvensis of the Lamiaceae family is one of the most frequently traditional plants used in Brazil. Hydroalcoholic extracts of M. arvensis were analyzed for antimicrobial activity on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Candida albicans. Three different assays (agar diffusion, broth macro- and micro-dilution methods) were used to evaluate antimicrobial activity. Although hydroalcoholic extracts of M. arvensis did not show any antibacterial effect, its antifungal activity against C. albicans was revealed. According to the micro-dilution broth assay, MIC of the hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of M. arvensis on Candida albicans strains ranged between 625 and 2500 mg mL-1. Results suggest that M. arvensis hydroalcoholic extract may be considered a potentially antifungal agent against C. albicans, and a possible item for human antibiotic therapy.  However, further biological tests on the plant’s efficacy and side-effects are necessary before its use on humans.  

O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em comparar a utilização do bicarbonato de sódio em relação a uma nova alternativa de tamponante, o Equalizer® (Nutron/ Cargill, Chapecó, Brasil), sobre os parâmetros de pH do líquido ruminal e do sangue, em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandês, alimentadas com dietas ricas em amido.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o perfil inflamatório de vacas de alta produção no pós-parto recente tratadas com butafosfan associado à cianocobalamina, através da análise de paraoxonase-1 sérica e expressão hepática de genes associados à resposta inflamatória, NFKB e interleucina-10.