Speeches convey ideology through language. The ideological function of advertising lies exactly in this point, i.e. in its symbolic character. Advertising identifies, creates and develops needs through language, offering a sense, along with the promise of happiness. In the context of liberal capitalist society, advertising is being developed as a strategy of myth production conducive to consumption.

It is manifest the growing interest in both personal health and environmental issues. The device described on this paper contemplates both aspects: generating environment-friendly electric power while keeping fit. A car alternator excited through a 12V battery is coupled to a mountain bicycle, and this arrangement enables the lighting of six halogen lamps, if a cyclist pedals fast enough. Such a machine gives rise to the thought of a self-powered gymnasium. Considerable physical effort is required in order to make the lamps glow, which is pedagogical since it shows clearly that spending energy is much easier than generating it.

The point of departure of this article is the need to think about the theme of slowness and questioning in Carlos Drummond de Andrade’s poetic creation, taking as a starting point these two elements as generators of an idea of ​​difference. For thar the way Drummond's poetry thinks the difference is studied through a constant appeal to the deceleration that crosses his literary creation, deceleration of writing, but also desacelation of reading, of the creative process and of a  more intense contact with reality. For that, some poems by Carlos Drummond de Andrade are studied in contact with poets like Manuel Bandeira, Wislawa Szymborska and Jorge Luís Borges.

Em bom rigor, a gestação da UNTAET (United Nations Transitional Administrationin East Timor) iniciou-se na tarde do dia 5 de Maio de 1999, na sede da Organizaçãodas Nações Unidas, em Nova Iorque. Nessa data, os Ministros dos Negócios Estrangeirosde Portugal (Jaime Gama) e da Indonésia (Ali Alatas), tendo o Secretário-Geraldas Nações Unidas (Kofi Annan) como “testemunha”, assinaram uma série de acordoscom um objectivo central: determinar se o povo timorense aceitaria ou rejeitariauma “autonomia especial” proposta pela República Unitária da Indonésia.

O presente artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma análise sobre a ação de uma associação, enquanto mediador cultural para a área do teatro, na região do Alentejo Litoral. Recorrendo a análise documental de um período de 20 anos, à analise de conteúdo de um projeto editorial, assim como à história de vida de um dos seus principais agentes, foi possível realizar um estudo de caso, concluindo e é possível afirmar com clareza que a organização e os seus protagonistas são os responsáveis em grande parte pela formação de públicos qualificados para a área cultural, em geral, e do teatro, em particular, naquela região.

Introduction: Almost 50% of the European Union’s final energy consumption is used for heating and cooling, 80% of which in buildings. The European Commission recently issued the “Efficiency Energy First Principle,” a formal recommendation to EU countries prioritizing energy efficiency measures over other energy-related investments. Decarbonizing the aging housing stock represents a significant challenge to Southern Europe and the remaining Member States. This exploratory research aims to understand why Portuguese people fail to increase their energy efficiency; it then proposes potential interventions. Several studies have looked into the effect of technology-based and behavior-based strategies (individual, socioeconomic and demographic, as well as contextual factors) regarding residential energy consumption. Few, however, have brought all these factors together in one project as in this case. Methods: We used the integrative COM-B model to investigate three core influences of behavior, namely, capability, opportunity, and motivation in a qualitative analysis of a sample of citizens of one specific Lisbon, Portugal community. The Behavior Change Wheel model was then used to propose interventions that might promote energy-responsible behavior. Results: Our finding suggests that investments in structural strategies, and, above all, in behavioral strategies are needed to achieve efficient residential electricity consumption. Specifically, we found a lack of capability (i.e., people’s physical skills and strength, knowledge, and regulation skills) represented the greatest barrier to energy consumption efficiency. A lack of motivation (involving habits and self-conscious intentions or beliefs) was the least decisive factor in the adoption of efficient energy consumption behaviors. Discussion: We therefore recommend the following interventions: 1) training and enablement addressing residents’ physical capability (primarily the replacement of high consumption equipment); 2) training, restriction, environmental restructuring, and enablement would increase residents’ physical opportunity (arising from poor home insulation and citizens’ lack of financial resources to invest in energy solutions); and 3) education, training, and enablement to change psychological capability (regarding insufficient or confusing energy use information).

Obras escolhidas de Jürgen Habermas. Fundamentação Linguística da Sociologia reúne um conjunto de artigos e prelecções que marcam a linguistic turn enquanto perspectiva de investigação social do sociólogo alemão, tendo as Gauss Lectures (1971) como elemento principal da segunda fase do autor. Associado à tradição filosófica e científica da Escola de Frankfurt, corrente que preconiza a crítica à ideologia e ao sistema de poder económico enquanto formas de dominação, Habermas desenvolve, num p...

As of today, color confinement in Quantum Chromodynamics remains a mystery from the theoretical point of view. So far no analytical proof of color confinement has been found and the mechanism that confines states from the space of physical states is still unknown. Taichiro Kugo and Izumi Ojima proposed such confinement mechanism, using as basis the BRST-symmetry and derived the requirements for the realization of this mechanism. One such requirement, which happens to be the non-trivial one is that a special correlation function, the Kugo-Ojima correlation function u(p^2), approaches —1 at the origin (u(p^2)= 0). This correlation function can be obtained on the Lattice within the lattice formulation of gauge theories. The present work consists on lattice results for this correlation function on the Landau gauge. We present results obtained from 4 symmetric large volume lattices: (32^4, 48^4, 64^4, 80^4) with \beta=6.0 on the Landau gauge. A test on the transversality of the Kugo-Ojima correlation in the Landau gauge function is also performed, along with some statistical considerations of the results. The results present further evidence that the Kugo-Ojima confinement scenario is not realized on the lattice and that the Kugo-Ojima correlation function, in the Landau gauge, is transverse. Our findings align qualitatively with existing literature, contributing to our understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics. This ongoing pursuit to unravel color confinement remains a central challenge in particle physics.

devices over the last decades created a new field of study and leveraged the creation of whole new applications and businesses at a worldwide level. The improvements on the manufacturing precision and reliability, allowed some of these devices to be used in mission-critical equipment, such as in airbag systems. The relative low price made it available to home consumer markets, resulting in a paradigm-shift in many application areas. The test and characterization of each individual manufactured MEMS structure is of major importance, both from the economic and quality standpoints. The dissimilarity of MEMS devices applications and physical principles creates an obstacle, since no single system can fit all the devices singularities, as opposite to what occurred in the Integrated Circuits (IC) industry. Also, new studies have sprung over the recent years that improve our understanding of the underlying fundamental physical phenomena and characteristics of the microsystems. The Design for Test (DFT) paradigm is becoming an increasing trend and is placing more pressure on the designers to overcome the test costs and reduce the time-tomarket by applying embedded mechanisms fully dedicated for testing purposes. This thesis attempts to contribute to the maturity of MEMS testing and control systems development by proposing a flexible digital architecture for real-time control and analysis of structure movements. By the development of an hardware assisted processing platform with basic actuation and sensing mechanisms, realtime and determinism are guaranteed by design to ensure a flexible and adaptable system. The proposed architecture is evaluated on two applications: First, a fast characterization platform is developed over the base system to enable a time-wise full-wafer characterization, where the speed and accuracy are optimized and conclusions about manufacturing issues are evaluated. The second application is based on a multi-order sigma-delta closed loop operation, where configurability and feedback delay are critical to allow a high-level algorithm to operate and perform an automated parameter optimization. In both applications, the major issues are identified and a change in the base platform is performed to fit to each applications goals. In each case, several structures were tested, the results were evaluated and some improvements over the current state of-the-art methodologies and timings were achieved.

A construção Social da Realidade (Berger e Luckmann) é uma teoria construtivista que encontra na linguagem e na comunicação argumentos para a explicação da génese e funcionamento da sociedade, argumentos que servem também de base a Habermas para as suas teorias sociais e políticas após a “viragem linguística”. Quando analisamos a ação das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação no processo de construção social da realidade na pós-modernidade, não esquecendo as múltiplas forças que estão implicadas neste processo, podemos chegar à conclusão de que a internet e as novas tecnologias podem ser entendidas como manifestação de uma ideologia neoliberal capitalista e que, mais que mediação da distância, estas tecnologias são, acima de tudo, dispositivos de linguagem.