European projects like Simulation of Enhanced UMTS Access and Core Network (IST-SEACORN) proposed a set of enhancements to UMTS. By considering the deployment scenarios and tele-traffic parameters from the Vehicular scenario of SEACORN, a simulator was produced to extract conclusions about blocking and handover failure probabilities. Simulation, which consider the burstiness of traffic, were performed for different cases, from single- to multi-service situations, and from absence to presence of mobility. Besides quality of service results in the air interface, including blocking and handover failure probabilities, the simulator allows for extracting conclusions about the validation of the Bernoulli/ Poisson/Pascal model for the computation of the ONOFF blocking probability, the ratio between the number of call rejected at the beginning of an ON period and the total number of bursts generated during a session. As the theoretical and the simulation results agree, the validation was achieved.

A multi-service traffic model is proposed, and its validation is achieved by using event-based simulation results which consider the burstiness of traffic. By considering the deployment scenarios and tele-traffic parameters from the Vehicular scenario of IST-SEACORN, a simulator was produced to extract conclusions about blocking and handover failure probabilities. Simulations, were performed for different cases, from single- to multi-service situations, and from absence to presence of mobility. Besides results for the quality of service in the air interface, including blocking and handover failure probabilities for several types of traffic, the simulator allows for extracting conclusions about the validation of the Bernoulli/Poisson/Pascal model for the computation of the on/off blocking probability, the ratio between the number of session rejected at the beginning of an on period and the total number of bursts generated during a session. In the single-service case, the theoretical and the experimental values of on/off blocking probability are close to each other. An almost perfect concordance between theoretical and simulation values is verified when the average sojourn time in cells is equal to the average holding time. In the multi-service case, although the results are not exactly coincident a coherent behaviour is achieved for an average traffic per user up to 0.06 Erl.

An overview of All-IP Enhanced Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, E-UMTS, service needs in the business city centre, BCC, scenario is first presented. Then, E-UMTS traffic generation and activity models are described and characterised. System level simulations are carried out and the enhanced performance is demonstrated based in a single quality parameter, which simultaneously accounts for call blocking and handover failure probabilities. End-to-end delays do not present a limitation. By considering a grade of service of 1% for the quality parameter, and different hypothesis for costs and prices, an optimum coverage distance is obtained around ~200-425 m, which maximises the supported throughput per km2. However, results for the profit in percentage indicates that coverage distances in the range 395-425 m should be used in BCC.

In this paper Enhanced UMTS offices scenarios and classes of services up to wideband are taken into account. A model is proposed for optimising Enhanced UMTS based in costs and revenues. A system level simulator is used to obtain the blocking probability, and other QoS measures, e.g., handover failure probability and delay. Using these results, one obtains the system capacity, i.e., the supported fraction of active users and throughput for a given grade of service. The profit (in percentage) was obtained, and the optimum (most profitable) cell radius was found. A higher number of pico-cells (with a cell radius around 34 m) will be a profitable solution for the optimisation of network planning. This will also allow for increasing system capacity and reducing prices.

In this paper new ways of facing the problem of mobile multimedia source traffic modelling are first discussed. Then, based in some hypothesis for mobility, and for the number of available resources, tele-traffic system capacity results are achieved using a 'macroscopic' model, very useful for cellular planning purposes. This allow for the comparison of capacities among different systems (GSM, UMTS, Enhanced UMTS and Mobile Broadband System), measured in terms of supported data rate per kilometre, and a kind of generalisation of Moore's and/or Gilder's law to mobile communications.

Results for Enhanced UMTS (E-UMTS) cost/revenue optimisation are obtained, as a function of the coverage distance, R. E-UMTS traffic generation and activity models are described and characterised in an urban scenario based on population and service penetration values. By using a System Level Simulator results were obtained for blocking and handover failure probabilities. Models for the supported fraction of active users and for the supported throughput, as a function of active users, were obtained. When one amplifier is used, the maximum throughput per BS is around 600kb/s. However, it achieves values up to 2000kb/s when three amplifiers per BS are considered. Generally, the profit in percentage is a decreasing function with R. The use of three amplifiers per BS is strongly advised in order to get cheaper communications, with prices that vary from 0.016 to 0.07 €/min, for R=250 and 1075m, respectively.

An overlaid Wimax cellular structure is proposed for emergency and safety services, with micro-cells covering urban hotspots over a macro-cellular structure. In the region of Beira Interior the process of cellular planning has to account for carrier-to-noise-interference ratio. Sectorisation is used in order to reduce reuse patterns and increase system capacity, while cell overlay is proposed to overcome coverage problems in large towns and cities. Geographic Information Systems tools are considered for Line-of-Sight discovery, and ~75% of LoS coverage is guaranteed in the city of Covilhã. The point-to-point component is also being incorporated in the planning tool. By comparing the 3.5GHz and the 5.8GHz bands one concludes that it is possible to use lower values of the antenna gains in the first case.

A multi-service traffic model is briefly presented, and its validation is achieved by using event-based simulation results which consider the burstiness of traffic. A simulator was produced to extract conclusions about blocking and handover failure probabilities in a multi-service bursty traffic context. Simulations, were performed for different cases, from single- to multi-service situations, and from absence to presence of mobility. Besides quality of service results in the air interface, including blocking and handover failure probabilities, the simulator allows for extracting conclusions about the validation of the Bernoulli-Poisson-Pascal model for the computation of the on/off blocking probability, the ratio between the number of call rejected at the beginning of an on period and the total number of bursts generated during a session. In the single-service case, the theoretical and the experimental values of on/off blocking probability are close to each other, and there is an almost perfect concordance between theoretical and simulation values when the average sojourn time in cells is equal to the average holding time. In the multi-service case, the behaviour is not exactly the same but a coherent behaviour is achieved for an average traffic per user up to 0.10 Erl.

This paper addresses aspects of classification and characterisation of services in Enhanced UMTS (E-UMTS). a possible UMTS evolution, whose goal is to achieve data rates up to 8-10 Mbit/s, and support new services and applications, while giving the system much more capacity. One starts by putting the available data about target services and applications together, and by presenting different perspectives for service classification. Then, characterisation parameters are presented, and foreseen services and applications are described. Finally, a definition of E-UMTS deployment scenarios, to be used in E-UMTS performance analysis, is presented.

Enhanced UMTS traffic characterisation parameters have been addressed for the offices scenario. By using a system level simulator, results concerning QoS measures as packet delay, blocking and handover failure probabilities have been obtained. If the cell radius decreases and the number of BSs increases the blocking probability decreases with a linear trend. One concludes that the supported traffic and the corresponding throughput significantly increase when the cell radius decreases. However, increasing system capacity by decreasing the cell radius causes an increase in the intensity of handovers and a decrease in the throughput per BS. Hence, optimum values for the coverage distance will correspond to higher cell radius. Delay and delay variation are not a limitation.