Introduction: This paper presents a study of ontologies based on the Discursive Semiotics theoretical framework. An ontology was developed based on this perspective, making it possible to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this model. From the developed ontology, it was investigated how the concepts (classes) of an ontology are formed with regard to the bias of the developer, the ontologist, subject inserted in a given socio-historical-ideological reality. Objective: To understand, using Discursive Semiotics, how social, historical and ideological elements can be recognized and explained in the representation of a knowledge domain through an ontology. Methodology: A bibliographical and descriptive research was carried out in which, based on the studied theoretical framework, an ontology was elaborated based on Discursive Semiotics – called semiological ontology. This ontology, because of its theoretical foundation, was constructed in a different way from that used in “traditional” ontologies, specifically as regards the formation of the axioms that characterize the concepts. Results: Due to its differentiated structure, the semiological ontology allowed a way to explain the conditions of discursive production – socio-historicalideological conditions – present in the representation of a domain. Conclusions: It was concluded that although semiological ontology is not as efficient, considering the requirements that an ontology must meet, this type of ontology can help in the investigation of important issues for the representation of information and knowledge, especially regarding the discourse conveyed, even indirectly, by the Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS).

Introduction: Conceptualize information and knowledge in the field of Information Science to elucidate the importance they acquire when integrating Knowledge Organization Systems (SOC). Objective: To show the importance of information and knowledge concepts for SOCs. Methodology: Survey and analysis of theoretical framework on the theme of knowledge organization information and knowledge organization systems (SOC). Results: Information and knowledge are fundamental elements for the elaboration of knowledge organization systems (SOC) because information is a communicative vehicle in the social sphere and knowledge, in addiction to begin a carrier of scientific and technological development, when registered is liable to be transformed into information, documentary. SOCs are structured in controlled languages, tools purposely designed to acess information. Conclusions: All organization systems in Information Science necessarily passes through some type of language that can provide information retrieval to become knowledge.

Objective: The aim of this research is to systematize folksonomies fundamental aspects, based on the literature. Methodology: It is a bibliographical research with quanti-qualitative data analysis. We analyzed 56 papers, from pair reviewed journals, published between 2009-2019, in Portuguese and English. Results: The largest number of publications occurred in the year 2018, and authors affiliated to Chinese institutions are more recurrent. Four main folksonomies approaches were mapped: focus on users, focus on information retrieval, focus on the information recommender systems, and focus on models for folksonomies' development and evaluation. The folksonomy structure is basically formed by terms and expressions provided by users to tag information resources, but it vary on the level of vocabulary control and definitions on what public is authorized to register tags. Conclusions: We conclude that folksonomies can be qualitatively improved using a semantic structure as basis, as for example tags categorization, in a way to maintain consistency and interoperability between different applications.