This study analyzes the impact of tax structure on economic growth in the 27 Member States of the European Union, from 2010 to 2022. We use dynamic panel econometric models, namely Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) models with instrumental variables, which allow us to address the dynamic nature of growth. Two economic growth equations were estimated; the first focuses on more classical determinants: public investment, education, health and innovation. The second on tax composition and institutional quality. The results show that workers with advanced education contribute positively to economic growth, consumption and capital taxes contribute positively to growth, while property taxes have a negative impact. This work offers a contribution to the European discussion to promote sustained economic growth and fiscal harmonization.

The debate on the impact of introducing new technologies on the economy, especially on incomes and inequality, has been reignited recently due to the growing use and popularity of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This new technology is distinct from previous technological advancements due to its wide-ranging applications in advanced functions. Robotics is characterised by its interaction with the physical world, particularly through the movement and manipulation of objects. In this context, the economic utility of this technology is reflected in the strict automation of specific tasks, leading companies to invest in this productive process, with direct consequences for employment and income. On the other hand, the utility of AI lies in its ability to assist workers in enhancing productivity and efficiency. For example, this technology enables programmers to perform their tasks more quickly and efficiently, without producing the same employment and income consequences as robotics. Consequently, the following question arises: Could the impact of AI on inequality be equivalent to the impact of technological progress observed in the past? To address this question, I analyse a sample of 14 OECD member countries over the period from 2000 to 2019. The results obtained suggest an inverse relationship between AI and inequality. In particular, the increase in patents and publications related to AI indicates a mitigating or reducing effect on inequality. This conclusion is of great importance, as it highlights that the economic mechanisms associated with AI's effects on inequality differ from those associated with the effects of past technological advancements. In this case, AI is a technology that can complement the workforce in various tasks and, on the other hand, replace more highly skilled labour, reducing its demand and income. This conclusion is equally significant for how the introduction of new technologies, particularly AI, will be perceived by policymakers and, most importantly, by economic agents with different levels of qualifications.

No Brasil, em geral, a estrutura societária das companhias é caracterizada por sua elevada concentração. Nessa situação, a função do modelo de governança corporativa deixa de ser a resolução do conflito de agência entre administradores e acionistas, passando a representar a mitigação do choque de interesses entre acionistas controladores e minoritários. Na literatura acadêmica, ainda não há um consenso sobre a relação entre a estrutura de propriedade e controle e o desempenho corporativo. Destarte, o presente artigo teve como objetivo averiguar se o free float impactou sobre o valor de mercado corporativo no Brasil, ao longo dos anos de 2001 a 2010. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma amostra composta por 236 empresas brasileiras não financeiras de capital aberto, somando 1190 observações. Foram empregados modelos dinâmicos de regressão linear múltipla, estimados pelo Método dos Momentos Generalizado Sistêmico (MMG-Sis). Os resultados apontaram que o free float total não apresentou relação com as variáveis dependentes. Todavia, o percentual de ações com direito a voto em circulação no mercado impactou positivamente sobre o Q de Tobin e o Valor da Empresa sobre o Ativo Total.