The management model of sport fishing in the Olo River ZPR makes eleven years of its existence in the present year. This watercourse extends over a significant area of the Alvão Natural Park, flowing through valleys embedded in different municipalities. These studies carried out in 2007 and 2013 allowed the design of a Sport Fishing Management Plan at the catchment scale. This watercourse has been subject to a special regulation (Olo River Reserved Fishing Area), since 2008. Results showed that is now possible to better know the age, growth, physical condition of the fish communities, as well as their relation with the different habitats types. The information collected over this time period permitted the adoption of measures to improve the conservation status of aquatic ecosystems such as management of the main fish species (Salmo trutta), and recovery of riparian vegetation. The production of river trout in the Marão Hatchery from parents caught in the Olo river upper reaches and the lodgment of this progeny in the same areas (ex-situ conservation action) together with the banks plantation with Salix spp., Fraxinus spp. and Alnus glutinosa, were practices used. The success of the introduction of embryonated eggs and newborn brown trout fry should be confirmed by new monitoring. As regards the afforestation actions, these proved fruitless. Habitat conservation and recovery actions (removal of litter, consolidation of banks with riparian planting, repopulation with fry and embryonated eggs with genetic material from the river itself, exclusive use of fishing gear in accordance with catch and release practice, ...) were designed to increase and improve the distribution of native fish populations. Also, awareness-raising actions developed with fishermen and other development agents promoting sustainable fishing practices of exploited resources should be continued, contributing to the improvement of the conservation status of these natural resources.

The management model of sport fishing in the Olo River ZPR makes eleven years of its existence in the present year. This watercourse extends over a significant area of the Alvão Natural Park, flowing through valleys embedded in different municipalities. These studies carried out in 2007 and 2013 allowed the design of a Sport Fishing Management Plan at the catchment scale. This watercourse has been subject to a special regulation (Olo River Reserved Fishing Area), since 2008. Results showed that is now possible to better know the age, growth, physical condition of the fish communities, as well as their relation with the different habitats types. The information collected over this time period permitted the adoption of measures to improve the conservation status of aquatic ecosystems such as management of the main fish species (Salmo trutta), and recovery of riparian vegetation. The production of river trout in the Marão Hatchery from parents caught in the Olo river upper reaches and the lodgment of this progeny in the same areas (ex-situ conservation action) together with the banks plantation with Salix spp., Fraxinus spp. and Alnus glutinosa, were practices used. The success of the introduction of embryonated eggs and newborn brown trout fry should be confirmed by new monitoring. As regards the afforestation actions, these proved fruitless. Habitat conservation and recovery actions (removal of litter, consolidation of banks with riparian planting, repopulation with fry and embryonated eggs with genetic material from the river itself, exclusive use of fishing gear in accordance with catch and release practice, ...) were designed to increase and improve the distribution of native fish populations. Also, awareness-raising actions developed with fishermen and other development agents promoting sustainable fishing practices of exploited resources should be continued, contributing to the improvement of the conservation status of these natural resources.

The Iberian freshwater ecosystems are highly invaded by a myriad of organisms that threaten their native biodiversity, including fish and mussels. FRESHCO project is evaluating the direct and indirect impacts of selected invasive alien species (IAS) belonging to distinct functional groups (from plants to vertebrates) on the native Iberian freshwater mussels (FM) and its fish host fauna. Preliminary results for the designed tasks (T) were obtained: T1 - based on field and lab experiments, FM exhibited lower growth, lower physiological condition, and higher locomotor activity at higher Corbicula fluminea density, suggesting that FM are negatively affected by C. fluminea and may be displaced to less favourable habitats; T2 – only native Iberian fishes are effective hosts for Unio delphinus and Potomida littoralis, while Anodonta anatina has a more wide range of host fishes that may include non-native species; T3- molecular and classical detection tools has been used to analyze the diets of selected IAS (Lepomis gibbosus, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii, Neovison vison) and preliminary results showed that all these IAS predate FM; T4 - 150 sampling sites in Douro basin (Portugal and Spain) were surveyed and mussel and fish assemblages and their habitats characterized. In opposition to salmonid streams, which maintain a good ecological status, large number of median-sized and lowland rivers display marked changes in abiotic conditions and biotic composition, including a higher proportion of non-native species presence. From an ecological point of view, overall results would help to clarify the real impacts of the most prominent IAS on the threatened native FM and fish species in Iberia. From a management point of view, this project will contribute with information that can be used in a more effective conservation of native species and management of IAS.

The Iberian freshwater ecosystems are highly invaded by a myriad of organisms that threaten their native biodiversity, including fish and mussels. FRESHCO project is evaluating the direct and indirect impacts of selected invasive alien species (IAS) belonging to distinct fuinctional groups (from plants to vertebrates) on the native Iberian freshwater mussels (FM) and its fí.sh host fauna. Preliminary results for the designed tasks (T) were obtained: Tl - based on field and lab experiments, FM exhibited lower growth, lower physiological condition, and higher locomotor activity at higher Corbicula fluminea density, suggesting that FM are negatively affected by C. fluminea and may be displaced to less favourable habitats; T2 - only native Iberian fishes are effective hosts for Unio delphinus and Potomida littoralis, while Anodonta anatína hás a more wide range of host fishes that may include non-native species; T3- molecular and classical detection tools hás been used to analyze the diets of selected IAS (Lepomis gibbosus, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii, Neovison vison) and preliminary results showed that ali these IAS predate FM; T4 - 150 sampling sites in Douro basin (Portugal and Spain) were surveyed and mussel and fish assemblages and their habitats characterized. In opposition to salmonid streams, which maintain a good ecológica! status, large number of median-sized and lowland rivers display marked changes in abiotic conditions and biotic composition, including a higher proportion of non-native species presence. From an ecological point ofview, overall results would help to clarify the real impacts of the most prominent IAS on the threatened native FM and íish species in Iberia. From a management point ofview, this project will contribute with information that can be used in a more effective conservation of native species and management of IAS

The Fortaleza Lagoon belongs to the Southern Tramandaí subsystem, formed by lagoons disposed linearly on the north-south direction (30º 08’S, 50º 13’W). The objective of this study was to describe some aspects related to the composition of the fish community of Fortaleza Lagoon. Samples were collected monthly from November 1998 to October 1999. The specimens were captured at four previously determined points in the lagoon, and classified in five orders, 12 families and 22 species. Cyphocharax voga, Hyphessobrycon luetkenii, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Oligosarcus robustus and Loricariichthys anus were more abundant species. Amongst the sampled species only two could not be characterised as freshwater species: Centropomus sp (marine) and Lycengraulius grossidens (estuarine). The ichthyofauna of the lagoon was predominantly composed by constant species.

Two new species of the trichomycterid catfish genus Trichomycterus from the rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, southeastern Brazil, are described. Trichomycterus tupinamba differs from the other species of the Trichomycterinae in having the first pectoral-fin ray not prolonged as a filament, the caudal fin is truncate with attenuated edges, two paired supraorbital pores s6, eye oriented dorsally, a subterminal mouth, anal and urogenital openings mid-way between the pelvic-fin margin and anal-fin origin, a dark spot at the base of the nasal barbel, a longitudinal row of dark spots along the midline of the flank from the opercle to the caudal-fin base, a pectoral-girdle width of 13.1-17.7 % of standard length, and a caudal-peduncle depth of 8.7-10.3 % of standard length. Trichomycterus jacupiranga differs from all other species of the Trichomycterinae in having the first pectoral-fin ray prolonged as a short filament, one fused supraorbital pore s6, a pelvic fin that covers the anal and urogenital openings, anal and urogenital openings that are closer to the anal-fin origin than to the pelvic-fin base, a truncated caudal fin with attenuated edges, and the following morphometric characteristics: head length 20.7-22.4 % standard length, preanal length 57.1-70.9 % standard length, pectoral girdle width 17.4-20.6 % standard length, trunk length 33.6-37.5 % standard length, pectoral-fin length 16.8-22.7 % standard length, dorsal-fin base length 12.8-14.1 % standard length, anal-fin base length 8.4-10.8 % standard length, head width 90.6-104.6 % head length, snout length 40.0-46.9 % head length, mouth width 27.0-37.3 % head length, and eye diameter 10.4-16.5 % head length. Distribution, ecological data and diagnostic features are presented for both new species.

Parancistrus nudiventris, new species, is described and compared with the congener P. aurantiacus. The new species has only been recorded from rio Xingu and can be distinguished from P. aurantiacus by having a naked abdomen (plated in P. aurantiacus), the presence of bluish dots in living specimens or spotted in preserved specimens (uniformly dark or clear brown or mottled, never spotted in P. aurantiacus), larger interbranchial distance (39-56% in HL vs. 24.9-39.5% in P. aurantiacus), narrower interorbital distance (26.8-38% in HL vs. 38.5-43.1% in P. aurantiacus). Parancistrus nudiventris also has buccal teeth more conspicuous than in P. aurantiacus. Main skeletal differences include the presence of a strong condyle on the lateral ethmoid for articulation with the metapterygoid in P. nudiventris (not seen in P. aurantiacus); anguloarticular processes short in P. nudiventris (long in P. aurantiacus); opercle with odontodes, partly exposed in P. nudiventris (completely embedded in skin in P. aurantiacus).

Microglanis garavelloi, new species, collected in tributaries of rio Paranapanema and rio Tietê, is the first species of the genus described from upper rio Paraná basin. The new species can be distinguished from other species of Microglanis on morphometric characters, color pattern, caudal-fin shape, pectoral-spine morphology and lateral line development. Characters used specifically to distinguish M. garavelloi from M. cottoides (laguna dos Patos and rio Uruguay basins) and M. parahybae (rio Paraíba do Sul basin) include morphometrics, color pattern and pectoral-spine serration.

Charax goeldii Fowler is resurrected from synonymy of Galeocharax gulo and redescribed. Its inclusion in Galeocharax is justified, and comments on the distribution of the species of this genus are made. The record of Galeocharax gulo in the rio São Francisco is considered a mistake.