La práctica de ejercicio físico ha contribuido significativamente a la calidad de vida de la población, por ello, innumerables especialistas han establecido relaciones entre los practicantes de ejercicio físico y el éxito en el tratamiento de enfermedades, como es el caso de la enfermedad de Parkinson en el anciano. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia de la práctica del entrenamiento de resistencia en la correlación del equilibrio y el control postural en personas con párkinson. Método: Revisión sistemática de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de los artículos Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), en consulta con las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, BVS (Lilacs), ScienceDirect y Cochrane, basados en la influencia del entrenamiento de resistencia en el equilibrio y el control postural en ancianos con párkinson, destacando la principal herramienta de evaluación del Movimiento Sociedad de Trastornos, escala unificada de calificación de la enfermedad de Parkinson. Resultados: Después de realizar búsquedas en las bases de datos seleccionadas y considerar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de este estudio, se seleccionaron 10 estudios para componer esta revisión y se acumularon un total de 556 participantes. Se observó que la mayoría de las intervenciones (60%) tuvieron una duración de aproximadamente 30-45 min durante 8 a 12 semanas, los instrumentos de medición más utilizados fueron las puntuaciones Balance Evaluation System Test (BESTest), Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q) y Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Conclusión: El ejercicio físico desempena˜ un papel fundamental en la intervención y prevención de los síntomas de la enfermedad de Parkinson en lo que respecta al equilibrio, la fuerza y la calidad de vida.

<jats:p>Introduction: Throughout adolescence, sex differences are observed for anthropometric, body composition, and physical fitness variables. Objective: This study’s aims were: (1) to explore differences in anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness performance between male and female youth basketball players, and (2) to examine the relationships between body composition, strength, and balance performance. Methodology: Forty-nine regional youth basketball players (27 males; mean age = 14.3 ± 1.2 years), were assessed for body composition, strength, speed, upper-limb coordination, and balance performance. Results: As expected, males were taller (p = 0.002), with lower body fat (p &lt; 0.001) and increased fat-free mass (p &lt; 0.002) than females. Body fat correlated significantly with strength (handgrip: rs = -0.47, p &lt; 0.001; countermovement jump: rs = -0.72, p &lt; 0.001; squat jump: rs = -0.73, p &lt; 0.001; horizontal jump: rs = -0.76, p &lt; 0.001), upper-limb speed and coordination (rs =-0.32, p = 0.027), and 20-m sprint performance (rs = 0.72, p &lt; 0.001), but not with balance tasks. Body mass and fat-free mass were negatively associated with balance, indicating reduced postural control. Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of accounting for sex differences when developing training programs for youth basketball players. Also, coaches and their staff should monitor body composition, particularly body fat, to enhance explosive strength and speed. Fat-free mass positively influences balance ability, highlighting the role of body composition in physical fitness.</jats:p>

INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento da proporção de idosos na população mundial traz à tona a discussão a respeito de eventos incapacitantes nessa faixa etária, entre os quais se destaca a ocorrência de quedas. A redução da flexibilidade articular e da força muscular são as principais variáveis motoras relacionada às maiores limitações das atividades de vida diária (AVDs) e aos altos índices de quedas registrados na população idosa. OBJETIVO: este estudo se propõe a verificar a influência do treinamento de força muscular e de flexibilidade articular sobre o equilíbrio corporal em idosas. METODOLOGIA: A amostra foi composta por 22 mulheres, de 60 a 75 anos, participantes de dois programas de atividade física. Sete sujeitos participaram do programa de força e 15 fizeram parte do programa de flexibilidade. O equilíbrio foi avaliado antes e após o período de treinamento (Escala de Berg). RESULTADOS: constatou-se que, em ambos os grupos, o equilíbrio se mostrou significativamente maior após os programas de treinamento. No grupo que participou do treinamento de força, a média dos pontos pré e pós-treinamento foi de 53 e 55,86, respectivamente. No grupo que participou do treinamento de flexibilidade, as médias pré e pós foram 52,47 e 55,47 pontos, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: constatou-se que os dois treinamentos produziram melhoras nos índices de equilíbrio corporal de idosas, o que provavelmente poderá influenciar na redução da incidência de quedas e da perda da independência física, assim como na obtenção de melhor qualidade de vida.

This study aims to identify the epidemiological profile and assess the occurrence of dizziness and the risk of falling in elderly people in the municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil. Therefore, a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with elderly people complaining of dizziness and users of the Primary Care network of Serra Talhada, from August 2017 to August 2018. Questionnaires were used on the epidemiological profile, history medical history and dizziness. The risk of falls was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test with logistic regression of the dichotomized variable (presence or absence of dependence). 101 individuals were evaluated, predominantly female, brown, with incomplete primary education, married, retired and sedentary. The average age was 71.1. The main comorbidities were Systemic Arterial Hypertension, visual impairment and arthritis. The TUG mean was 15.9 seconds, with no statistically significant relationship with gender, occurrence of dizziness, physical activity or self-perceived health. There was a direct relationship between dependence and age and the presence of diabetes mellitus, and an inverse relationship with the presence of SAH. It was found, through the analysis of the epidemiological profile and the identification of the variables that best contribute to the probabilistic occurrence of dependence according to the TUG criteria, inferring risk factors associated with the fall, allowing a quick and effective approach that could reduce the its occurrence.

The present study verified the evidence of validity and reliability of the Brazilian Geronto Psychomotor Exam (EGP-Br). 215 participants, mean age 70.22 years (SD: + 6.59) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and were evaluated using the EGP-Br. The data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis, Cronbach's alpha, considering the adjustment indices: GFI (Goodness of Fit Index), AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) and RMSR (Root Mean Square Residual) and the Average Variance extracted. Factor Analysis indicated a structure with three factors: Factor 1 = Cognition (α = 0.90); Factor 2 = Joint Mobility (α = 0.80); Factor 3 = Equilibrium (α = 0.70), with good adjustment rates (GFI = 0.99; AGIF = 0.99; RMSR = 0.03). The psychometric parameters presented by factors 1, 2 and 3 were respectively: Convergent Validity = 0.55; 0.70; 0.50. Discriminant Validity = 0.74; 0.84; 0.70. In conclusion, the EGP-Br presents good evidence of validity and reliability, suitable for use in the Brazilian context.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra compacta and nigrostriatal pathway, which leads to sensory and motor impairments. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of whole-body vibration and gait training with additional load on functioning, balance and gait in patients with PD. Twenty-two male and female patients (mean age: 61 ± 5.6 years) were randomly allocated to a Control Group (CG), Vibration Group (VG), or Added Weight Group (AWG). The following evaluations were performed before and after the intervention: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale – subscales “Activities of Daily Living” and “Motor Examination”; Tinetti Test, Timed Up and Go test, Berg Balance Scale, and baropodometry. The ordinal variables were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05) and the numerical variables were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05). The results demonstrated a significant increase in functioning, balance, and gait quality in the VG and AWG compared to the CG. Vibration training and gait training with additional weight exert a positive influence on functioning, balance, and gait in patients with PD. Other studies can be carried out comparing the effect of the vibratory training with the partial weight support and the addition of body weight using the same variables of the present research.

Assess the risk of falls in the elderly and fundamental knowledge for the creation of public health care policies. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test as a tool to assess the risk of falls in the elderly. This is a literature review of scientific articles indexed in the PubMed and Scielo databases, published between 2011 and 2021. Thus, the results obtained in the studies failed to demonstrate the efficiency of the TUG to assess the risk of falls in the elderly, in addition to the divergences analyzed, especially in relation to the cutoff score, as there are studies that point to different measures. Studies have failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of TUG in predicting falls in the elderly, but demonstrate its importance when used with other tests. There is a need for more studies on the subject, as they can contribute to clinical practice, guiding the best choice of tests to be applied to elderly people who are at risk of falls.

This study aimed to compare the effects of a physical-motor training in the elderly, on a vibratory platform and on the ground. Participants were three elderly, of both genders, between 61 and 66 years old. Patient 1 underwent sensortory-motor training on the vibratory platform and patients 2 and 3 on the ground. They were evaluated before, after one day and after five days of treatment. Patients 1 and 2 had improved balance after one day of treatment. After five days, only patient 1 showed improvement. Patient 3 improved after one day of treatment, which was maintained after five days. Patient 1 showed increased electrical activity of all muscles evaluated. Patient 2 showed increased electrical activity of the long fibular, vastus medial and gluteus media. The medial gastrocnemius muscle increased only after five days. There was an increase in the electrical activity of the vastus medial muscle of patient 3 in all evaluations. The middle gluteus increased only after five days. At the 60° angle of knee extension, patients 1 and 2 showed improvement of proprioception only after five days. No ângulo de 30°, a paciente 1 teve melhora após um dia e após os cinco dias, enquanto o paciente 2 apresentou melhora somente após o fim do tratamento. A paciente 3 teve melhora em todas as avaliações para 60° e 30° de extensão do joelho. Verificou-se que ambos os tratamentos foram benéficos para os idosos.

The objective was to verify the impact of the equine therapy sports program on the flexibility, strength and balance of people with intellectual disabilities. Six individuals participated in the study with a mean age of 17.5 ± 2.07 years. The attendance were made once a week, for 30 minutes, the english saddle was used with the horse at a trot. Wells' block was used to assess flexibility, the Sit and Stand test and the lumbar dynamometer to assess muscle strength, and the Clinical Balance Sensory Integration test. Differences with a p-value equal to or less than 5% were considered statistically significant. The results showed significance in muscle flexibility (p = 0.026), muscle strength through the Sit and Stand test (p = 0.004), lumbar dynamometer (p = 0.014) and balance (p = 0.045), after ten attendance. We conclude the hippotherapy program for sports contributed to the development and physical performance of these subjects.

Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) are health services that offer care to patients with persistent, moderate to severe mental disorders. Thereby, the present study aimed to analyze the effects of a virtual reality program on postural balance in users of CAPS on the west boarder of Rio Grande do Sul. The study is descriptive, cases series, constituted by 05 male adults, evaluated by means of dynamic computerized posturography, using the tests of sensory organization (TOS) divided into six conditions and the value of the composite score (general index of balance), as well as the sensory analysis of each system (visual, vestibular and somatosensory). Still, the patients were later submitted to ten sessions of exergames, using the Xbox 360 video game, equipped with the Kinect sensor. For data analysis descriptive statistics was used, for the balance variables description, mean values and standard deviation were used. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the value of the composite score and the postural control systems. The results indicate an improvement in the composite score and in the use of the visual and vestibular systems of the individuals evaluated, after the virtual reality protocol, although it was not statistical significance. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the composite score and the visual system, indicating that these variables are related to each other. A positive correlation was also identified regarding the values of the composite score and the visual system, pointing out values with a statistically significant difference. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the composite and the visual system. We can conclude that the practice of exergames contributes to the improvement of postural balance in users of CAPS, constituting an important tool for this purpose.