The Absenteeism has become a serious problem for businesses and their managers because it affects significantly the productivity and quality of the level of services provided. The present research is a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 31 employees of a civil engineering company, which is located in the city of Montes Claros, MG. The instrument used was a closed questionnaire, containing 17 questions. The results indicate that the absences were linked largely to diseases and absences without legal justification. The most frequent period of absence due to these factors was 1 day for 32.3 % of the interviewers, among 2 and 3 days for 29 % and from 4 to 6 days for 12.9 %. Through this survey, it was concluded that absenteeism is more related to external labor problems than to problems inside of the company. This result, may be justified by the improvement of actions implemented by the company in the year 2013.

This study investigates the internal architecture of Asian hornet nests (AHNs) using advanced imaging techniques, such as CT scanning and X-ray radiography, to understand their construction and function. The primary objective and significance of this study centre on drawing inspiration from the creative way Asian hornets construct their nests, with a particular focus on the architecture, design, functionality, and building materials of these nests. The architectural principles governing the construction of these nests, such as the arrangement of hexagonal cells, pedicels for load bearing, and adhesive materials, serve as a source of inspiration for innovative and sustainable design practices. The pedicels in Asian hornet nests play a crucial role in transferring load and ensuring stability. Additionally, AHNs’ adhesion to tree branches is essential for preventing collapse, and the pedicels provide necessary structural support. The knowledge gained from studying AHNs’ internal architecture could be applied directly to the architecture and civil engineering fields to improve structure stability and durability. The microstructure analysis of the paper-like material that hornets produce to build their nests indicates a complex and heterogeneous structure, composed of various plant fragments and fibres. This unique composition creates intricate grooves and pores, which are essential for regulating temperature and humidity levels within the outer envelope of the nest. The study of Asian hornet nests’ internal structure demonstrated that nature’s engineering principles inspire the design of durable and resilient structures in the construction industry. Civil engineers can incorporate similar principles into their designs to enhance the structural integrity and performance of buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure.

This paper presents the research work within the international Consortium Alliance "Universitas Montium" (UNITA) according one of many UNITA’s Research Projects: the Portuguese Project CH-RESILIENCE “Cultural Heritage: Resilience of Built Heritage and Built Environment” at the University of Beira Interior (UBI) within Universitas Montium Aliance which is included in UNITA's Research & lnnovation Cartography WP4, concerning Cultural Heritage. and soon to be included in the consortium RE-UNITA (UNITA 2.0). Within this research line two international PhD cotutelle were achieved, but also two other PhD thesis are being prepared within CH-RESILIENCE. The Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DECA), of the University of Beira Interior (UBI), has developed, a concern regarding Built Heritage, ln fact, over the last two decades there has been a cross-interdisciplinary interest, which has allowed a transdisciplinary research, based on the Architectural Heritage, Built Heritage, thus Cultural Heritage. Dissertation themes have focused on traditional aspects of Portuguese Architecture and Traditional Building Technologies, but also doctoral Thesis and Research Projects with competitively-based contests with funding (as The ORFEUS project which was one of the highlights of this line of research). In fact, Building Culture encompasses existing buildings, monuments, and other elements of Cultural Heritage, as well as the design and construction of contemporary buildings, infrastructures, public spaces, and landscapes. The actual technical requirements are not always compatible with older buildings. Regular maintenance of these buildings may include preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, reconstruction, refurbishment, adaptation, and interpretation of existing buildings and their environment. ln fact, this research lays on the Resilience of Built and Cultural Heritage. UNITA’s Research and innovation is centred in the needs of rural and mountain territories regarding, not only Cultural Heritage, but also Renewable Energy and Circular Economy. This paper presents four case study of international research based on the UNITA’s Alliance and interconnected with CH Resilience Project: “The Art of Place”, Cotutelle (UBI -Portugal / UNIZAR-SPAIN); “The involvement of local museums with their territorial and historical environment”, Cotutelle (UNIZAR-SPAIN / UBI -Portugal); Corbelled Dome Constructions: architectural elements of a vernacular Identity in Beira Baixa (Portugal); Resilience and Sustainability: Monastic Spaces of Cistercian origins in contemporary times. Besides these four cases it is highlighted, a fifth which is the first project, within the CH Resilience research group, in collaboration with other institutions with affinity to the theme and in the borderline of UNITA Alliance. This is the ongoing PhD thesis “Theory, Design and Construction of the Bulwark Defensive System in the Minho River Valley. From the Reign of King Philip III to the End of the Seven Years' War, 1621-1763”. Consequently, this paper will bring to discussion these specific case studies and its relationship with UNITA's Alliance. This is, through Cultural heritage it will be brought to debate methods, objectives, experiences, outputs, and discussions which allow the formation of wider networks for research and resources exchange.

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A necessidade de novas tecnologias no ramo da construção civil tem levado cada vez mais os especialistas a desenvolverem novos materiais, com o intuito de otimizar as construções. O CAA surge como uma proposta, onde há uma redução nos custos e nas falhas decorrentes do processo de vibração manual, devido ao fato de ter a capacidade de adensar apenas com a força da gravidade. Seu uso associado a resíduos provenientes de subprodutos das áreas industriais, como por exemplo, a sílica de casca de arroz, pode proporcionar não apenas ganho ecológico, mas também ganhos de desempenho para o material concreto, principalmente no que se refere a resistência no estado endurecido e redução acentuada dos fenômenos de exsudação e segregação no estado fresco. Nesta pesquisa dosou-se um traço para concreto autoadensável com substituição parcial de 3,57%do cimento por sílica de casca de arroz e outro traço de referência, sem substituição. Para a avaliação de suas propriedades reológicas no estado fresco, utilizou-se os ensaios de Slump Flow Test e Slump Flow T50 Test para a verificação da fluidez, o ensaio de fluidez na Caixa L para testar a habilidade passante do concreto por entre as armaduras e o de Funil V5 minutos para o conhecimento da capacidade de resistir ao fenômeno de segregação dos materiais. Já para o estado endurecido, rompeu-se corpos de provas nas idades 7 dias e 28 dias para a verificação da resistência à compressão axial e tração por compressão diametral. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a utilização da sílica de casca de arroz em concretos autoadensáveis proporciona diminuição da fluidez, uma vez que gera maior viscosidade na pasta, tornando-o de mais difícil manuseio se comparado com o concreto referência. Por outro lado, observou-se a redução da exsudação e da segregação. Em termos de resistência, o uso da SCA proporcionou acréscimo de resistência à compressão axial e à tração por compressão diametral.