Vulvovaginal Candidiasis is the second most common infection in women of childbearing age, in about 70 to 90% of cases; the associated etiologic agent is C. albicans. The increase in the incidence of non-albicans species has led to the emergence of cases of resistance to antifungals, which is why the importance of new approaches in treatment. The objective of the present work was to develop and test in vivo a nanostructured system containing fluconazole and Green Propolis for the treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. The nanoparticles containing Fluconazole and Green Propolis were prepared following the technique of ionic gelation and presented satisfactory physical characteristics for the intended purpose. The association efficiency for the complexed compounds was performed using the technique of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and UV spectrophotometry. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) for Fluconazole, Green Propolis and nanoparticles were determined, showing efficacy for use and fungistatic action on C. albicans ATCC 10231. Release analyzes of up to 72 hours with stabilization up to 96 hours were verified in the nanoparticles. The toxicity tests by hemolysis and Galleria mellonella, demonstrated positive results for propolis and negative for nanoparticles, suggesting safety in their use in a method with a murine model. In vivo tests were performed with an indication of efficacy for the proposed formulation.

This study evaluated the molluscicidal activity in front of the snail transmitting the schistosomes (Biomphalaria glabrata) of the essential oil of Origanum vulgare. The plant material was collected in the municipality of São Luis (MA). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation at 100° C for 3h, with chemical characterization through Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). For molluscicidal activity, the methodology recommended by the WHO was performed, and the LC50 of the essential oil was used in the face of the snail obtained by the Probit method. The major constituents found in the essential oil of O. vulgare were Timol (72,14%) and p-cimene (12,25%). A atividade moluscicida do óleo essencial apresentou a CL50 de 26,55 mg L-1. The results indicate that the evaluated essential oil is composed of substances that promote and encourage its application, due to its high potential for molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata.

Essential oils extracted from medicinal plants have been shown to be an alternative in the search for natural larvicides. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Origanum vulgare L. leaves. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation at 100°C for 3 h, with chemical characterization through Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (CG-MS). Then, the lethality of the essential oil against Aedes aegypti was evaluated, and the LC50 was calculated for the action of the essential oil from the Probit method. The major constituents found in the essential oil of O. vulgare were Timol (72.14%) and p-cymene (12.25%). The larvicidal activity of the essential oil presented the LC50 of 31.66 mg L-1. The results indicate that the evaluated essential oil is composed of substances that provide a good larvicidal effect, revealing its efficiency in combating and controlling Aedes aegypti.

This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil microparticles (EO) of Melissa officinalis L. against Aedes aegypti. The leaves of M. officinalis were collected in the municipality of São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brazil, later dried, crushed and ground. 90g of the dried leaves were used to obtain the EO by the hydrodistillation method. For the synthesis of microencapsulated EO, 60g of sodium alginate (2.5% m/v) was added to the mixture of 15g of Tween 20 with 6g of EO. The mixture was homogenized and drips over CaCl2 5% m/v solution for the hardening of particles via crosslinking. The microparticles were washed with distilled water in filter and dried at 35ºC/24h and 15 days at tamb (30ºC). The eggs of Aedes aegypti were collected at the Federal University of Maranhão by the ovitrampas method. The larvae that hatched were fed until they reached the fourth instar. Groups of larvae (n=20) were submitted to solutions of EO and microparticles of 10-90 mg/L . After 24 h, live and dead larvae were counted and LC50 was calculated by the Reed&Muench method, using Cheng's criterion for classification of active potential. All larvae presented mortality in all concentrations tested. The LC50 obtained for the EO was 40.60 mg/L and for the microparticles 22.10 mg/L, both classified as active according to the adopted criterion, but it is observed that the microparticles increased the larvicidal potential of the EO. Through the results obtained, it is concluded that the microparticles formulated with the EO proved to be efficient in the face of the larvae of Aedes aegypti, being interesting and important in controlling and combating the mosquito that transmits dengue.

Oregano (Origanum vulgaris L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) may contribute to the control of anthracnose in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of both extracts by LC-HRMS and their in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against C. lindemuthianum isolates. We evaluated the inhibition of mycelial growth, the inhibition of the conidia germination, the phytotoxicity of the extracts in bean detached leaves and the reduction of severity of anthracnose under greenhouse conditions. Ten phenolics were identified: caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, gallic, gentisic, protocatechuic and vanillic acids, and quercetin, luteolin and naringenin. Gentisic acid was not reported for these plants in the consulted literature. We verified the complete inhibition of the mycelium growth of C. lindemuthianum by both extracts at about 2% (oregano) and 3% (rosemary), the inhibition of spore germination was for rosemary: 100% and for oregano: 85%, at a concentration of 3% of extracts and no symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed in common bean leaves treated with them. Both extracts were efficient in reducing the severity of anthracnose caused by C. lindemuthianum BRM 007447 in BRS Campeiro and Perola cultivars, in preventive and curative modes. These extracts have shown promise in the practice of sustainable agriculture, under the experimental conditions used.

Abstract Production of a bioherbicide for biological control of weeds requires a series of steps, from selection of a suitable microbial strain to final formulation. Thus, this study aimed to select fungi for production of secondary metabolites with herbicidal activity using biological resources of the Brazilian Pampa biome. Phytopathogenic fungi were isolated from infected tissues of weeds in the Pampa biome. A liquid synthetic culture medium was used for production of metabolites. The phytotoxicity of fungal metabolites was assessed via biological tests using the plant Cucumis sativus L., and the most promising strain was identified by molecular analysis. Thirty-nine fungi were isolated, and 28 presented some phytotoxic symptoms against the target plant. Fungus VP51 belonging to the genus Diaporthe showed the most pronounced herbicidal activity. The Brazilian Pampa biome is a potential resource for the development of new and sustainable chemical compounds for modern agriculture.

The use beneficial of microorganisms jointly with vegetal biostimulants can be an efficient alternative to improve the productivityofbeans.Thepurposeofthisresearchwastodetermine the effect of individual and joined application of the biostimulants ME-50® and FitoMas-E® in the agroproductive increase of the bean in the late sowing season. The research was conducted at the collective farmer “Martires de Taguasco”, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. An experiment was carried out under field conditions with the cultivar “Velazco Largo”. The treatments were distributed in random blocks, in a 2×2 factorial scheme, with five replications, two levels absence and presence of the ME-50® consortium and its combination with no application and application of FitoMas-E®. The biostimulants effects were observed in i) growth parameters: leaves per plant, leaf area and dry mass; ii) production parameters: number of pods per plant, grains per pod, the mass of 100 grains and yield. The results revealed that the joint application of both biostimulants was more efficient in increasing growth and productivity than the individual application and the non-application of biostimulants, due to the yield increase of 10 and 71 %, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the join application between ME-50® and FitoMas-E® constitutes an efficient, economical and viable alternative to increase bean productivity in the late sowing season.

With the objective to evaluate the effect of three bio-stimulants in the productive behavior of crops radish, was developed the experiment in the garden areas of “El Estadio” belonging to urban agriculture of Sancti Spíritus during the months of February to April of 2016. The treatments were: ME-50, 50 mL.L-1, lixiviate vermicomposting humus, 100 mL.L-1and Biobras-16, to dosage of 0.012 L.ha-1 and the water control. The morphagronomic parameters observations were on 45 plants per treatment and the observed variables were the average of leaf per plant, high average per plants (cm), average of diameter of roots (cm), biomass production (g.plant-1), yields (kg.m-2) and percentage of tuber roots afected (cracks roots) (%). The results showed that the use of three bio-stimulants in radish crops production in garden conditions, since it had positive effect because increasing the media production of leaf per plant, average of diameter of roots, biomass production, the yields than 1.05 kg.m-2, in addition, the treatment with ME-50 reduced the percentage of damaged tuberous root by 50% less in relation to the control.