This research aims to study the determinants of entrepreneurial intention in academia and compare the outcomes from two different moments, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, a quantitative methodology was used, whereby a questionnaire was given to higher education students in these two chronological moments. From the obtained results, it was possible to ascertain that, given the motivational dimension, the attitude towards behavior and perceived behavioral control are having a positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions during the pandemic and that subjective norms have a negative impact on entrepreneurial intentions. This relationship of influences is unchanged, either before or during the pandemic. Regarding the environmental dimension, both of the variables under analysis are having a negative impact on entrepreneurial intention during the pandemic period, which corresponds to an aggravation or loss of positive influences when compared to the context before the pandemic, and the next assessment had a positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions. On the theoretical contributions, the findings are very important, as they strengthen the literature on entrepreneurial intentions, and in specific contexts of social and economic instability. As for practical contributions, this research suggests actions to agents with an important intervention role in the community, one of these agents is Higher Education Institutions, which play a determining role by creating a positive environment to support their students’ entrepreneurial intent. This research is original, as far as we are informed, and it is the first to study entrepreneurial intention in academia during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Portuguese context. Moreover, we suggest that the obtained results should be succeeded by further studies to confirm the evolutionary trends now identified on the subject under analysis.

The present research aims to compare the entrepreneurial intention of university students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, some dimensions were analyzed, such as the availability of this target audience to undertake an activity at their own risk, the preference for a future while employed by others, their perception of the values that society places on entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial abilities/skillsets. A comparative study of a quantitative nature was used, associating two samples composed of students of higher education in Portugal, the data were obtained before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of the results permits us to conclude: (1) in the circumstances of macroeconomic changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurial activity does not decrease; (2) respondents are less interested in being employed by others and more attracted to being entrepreneurs; (3) there is a growing concordance with the values that society places on entrepreneurship; and (4) there is now a greater aptitude for entrepreneurial activity. The present research is original, as it compares data obtained in different contexts of economic and social stability. It contributes to theory and practice, in the sense that it points to conclusions in the opposite direction of other studies carried out in situations of disasters of another nature, and can serve as a reference for the development of strategies to promote entrepreneurship, within higher education institutions and official entities to publicize and promote new public policies.

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The Brazil lived for twenty-one, a civil-military dictatorship guided by the National Security Doctrine and the concerns and interests of an organic elite. Three years before the 1964 coup, the governor of Goias, Mauro Borges, was one of the protagonists of the legal campaign, which secured the possession of vice Goulart after the resignation of Janio Quadros. In November 1964, after a relentless pursuit, the federal government ordered the intervention in Goias. Goias academic community was especially persecuted, of the strong influence of left-wing ideologies in the intelligentsia, of the active participation of the student movements in politics. Soon after the deposition Goulart, was initiated the "cleaning operation" provided for in the Institutional Act of the Revolution Supreme Command of 9 April 1964, allowing the first purges, which is operationalized through Military Criminal Investigations and commissions of inquiry or inquest preceded by summary investigation. The AI-2 allowed a new wave of purges, and as time passed, the regime was hardening and increasing repression. The year 1968 was particularly explosive, marked by intense protests by students, and violent police response. On December 13 was issued AI-5, allowing the military almost absolute powers, weakening legislative and judiciary and violating the rights and freedoms of individuals. Since the beginning of the dictatorship had the intention of setting up a global apparatus of control of society. Given this demand, they were created the National System of Information and Internal Security System in the country. SISN1 had at its peak the SN1, which despite having been created in the first months of the scheme, only at the end of the decade was structured to information activities and, indirectly, of repression. In this network was also the information systems within the Civil Ministries and Security Advisory Services and Information in the main organs of government. Completed the network specific systems of the Navy, Army and Air Force. With regard to universities, ASI provided a strong control over students, teachers and servers, causing consequences of physical nature, moral, psychological and academic. The security system had the inspiration to OBAN and materialized in CODI /DOI system, national enforcement structure controlled by the military. Torture was used as state terrorism instrument, with punitive purposes and obtaining information. Brazilian civil-military dictatorship played a biopower on the whole society, and especially on the individuals considered "enemies." The complex information system provided a panoptic gaze on society in order to control and discipline. The same can be said of the arrests, disciplinary institution by nature. Torture, widely used, and is part of a strategy of obtaining information, revealed the state of "bare life" of the victim, which in biopolitics logic, represented life should be left to die for the sake of the lives to be protected. Seeks, in the rescue of this memory, the contribution to the justice that is due to the victim and society. Lest forget. So that never happens again.

Inserida no contexto português da segunda metade do século XVIII, cenário de importantes mudanças culturais e marcado pela presença centralizadora do marquês de Pombal, a Academia Fluviense Médica, Cirúrgica, Botânica e Farmacêutica, estabelecida no Rio de Janeiro em 1772 sob a proteção do vice-rei, marquês do Lavradio, e direção da família Paiva, constituiu-se ao mesmo tempo como um espaço para a discussão e prática das ciências, produzindo conhecimento de caráter utilitário no âmbito da História Natural com vistas ao revigoramento e diversificação da agricultura colonial; como também um meio para o exercício da política das relações pessoais do Antigo Regime. Analisando as obras do presidente da Academia, José Henriques Ferreira e as de seu irmão, Manoel Joaquim Henriques de Paiva, foi possível compreender algumas implicações sócio-econômicas e, sobretudo, políticas, associadas à forma como se operavam concepções tais como natureza e ciência , que eram fundamentais no setecentos.

With the increase in competitiveness in all job markets, the reality is no different in design area. Companies increasingly value professionals who present themselves with a diversified profile and hold various competencies. In this sense, more specifically with product design students, the need to provide them with some basic communication design skills was identified, thus introducing, in the curricular unit Communication Techniques, the teaching of software and projects related to this area. The experience already lived in this school, allowed us to realize that the projects carried out in partnership with companies raise a greater commitment from students, mainly because they recognize the importance and visibility that it can represent for a recent graduate. This article describes a case study of an illustration project with product design students, developed for three consecutive school years, and which was proposed by an international paper merchanting company. The work consisted in developing illustrations for each month, for the calendar produced annually, making the most of the raw material that the company commercializes and obeying a general guiding theme and another more specific one for each of the months. Added to this brief was the execution of the illustration using vectorial drawing software and following a methodology proposed by the teachers. In the end, the illustrations were sent with a descriptive memory and, later, selected by the company to be incorporated into the final calendar. The results presented showed a clear evolution in the field of graphic and conceptual representation by these students.

Indeed, digital transformation is just like the new models of the various technological devices (smartphones, tablets, smart watches) that are used without us fully mastering their resources. It is happening in an accelerated way without even having a clear understanding of the phenomenon. It is typically a situation in which reality occurs at a speed greater than its understanding, thus claiming the researchers' positioning in the face of digital contemporaneity. Just like Uber, that initially imposed itself as a “de facto” reality (in practice) before becoming a de jure standard (supported by law), the research agenda digital transformation seeks to guide the future of research in the field, but, due to the speed of changes, it may fit into the metaphor of the lantern on the ship's stern, helping to illuminate the past. Even though the organizational practice is more agile than the academy, it is still worth emphasizing the fundamental role of research in interpreting the nuances of the phenomenon through the most diverse perspectives..

By probing into the Latin word communitate this essay first considers possible deviations from the original meaning in order to link it to the specific field of English and American Studies and, afterwards, proposes to evaluate its accommodation to new modes of conscience throughout the changing times. Some key figures will be mentioned but the mainstay of the argument will be built around Ralph Waldo Emerson who, as an “American scholar”, has made some excellent inroads into the relationship of the self with his /her community, and on how much human creativity depends on this relationship. This will be illustrated by reference to a diversity of writers and other artists whose achievements are strongly imbued with the sense of the self at work within the community, this same sense being then explored in association with creativity and the notions of academy and associativism. I will, finally, switch from this more speculative instance of my essay to the history of APEAA. Ever since the thirty four plus something years of this Association’s foundation/existence, it has afforded a practical example of how the Humanities, as practiced in our field of studies, may achieve their goals with a little imagination and a good measure of willingness. The example of some of the founding figures of APEAA, the innovative paths they were able to launch and which we are nowadays pursuing, have certainly heralded the future capability to make the most of this Association’s potential and its role as a meeting place, which, at different levels (national and international) provide the opportunity for a fruitful dialogue among the variety of disciplines and methodological preferences of its members.

The present research aims to compare the entrepreneurial intention of university students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, some dimensions were analyzed, such as the availability of this target audience to undertake an activity at their own risk, the preference for a future while employed by others, their perception of the values that society places on entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial abilities/skillsets. A comparative study of a quantitative nature was used, associating two samples composed of students of higher education in Portugal, the data were obtained before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of the results permits us to conclude: (1) in the circumstances of macroeconomic changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurial activity does not decrease; (2) respondents are less interested in being employed by others and more attracted to being entrepreneurs; (3) there is a growing concordance with the values that society places on entrepreneurship; and (4) there is now a greater aptitude for entrepreneurial activity. The present research is original, as it compares data obtained in different contexts of economic and social stability. It contributes to theory and practice, in the sense that it points to conclusions in the opposite direction of other studies carried out in situations of disasters of another nature, and can serve as a reference for the development of strategies to promote entrepreneurship, within higher education institutions and official entities to publicize and promote new public policies.