During the Ancien Regime, in the city of Trujillo there are population movements, because it absorbs immigrants from rural communities, as well as experiencing the departure of people who go to other territories. As a source for this study, it is used the Census of Population that are preserved in the Municipal Archive of Trujillo, in the twenties of the nineteenth century. The micro-historical analysis is done in two ways: on the one hand, it is analyzed the biological and socioprofessional characteristics of the people who migrate, as well as their family circumstances. On the other hand, it is analyzed the possible causes of mobility and whether migrants between people from rural communities occur in a short, medium or long distance.

This paper analyses the fortune formation of Portuguese immigrants’in Belém, capital of the Grão Pará province, between the years of 1870 to 1909, period which is characterized by historiography as the boom of the rubber extractive economy, a known attractive to the different groups of migrants that would adventure themselves seeking to take part on the earnings produced by it. Fortunes that where only possible because of the new social and economic demands that were brought over to the Amazon landscape and made clear the new investments trends, remarkably, the modern capitalist structures, ones that remained even in crisis periods of the rubber extractive economy, demonstrating the solid consolidation of the power and wealth new symbols. The paper sustain itself in the serial analyses of 328 post mortem inventory civil suits and is inserted among a period which is trend marked by a sharp demographic growth, by the urban space reorganization and economic rejuvenation of the city of Belém.

In dictatorship context, officially established in 1933, authoritarian regime and afraid of contact with the outside, the rulers were faced with the massive influx of refugees from the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and World War II (1939-1945). With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War on July 18, 1936, thousands of Spanish, civilians and military, republicans and franquistas, tried to leave the country fearing the dangers arising from the conflict. Portugal, because of its geographical proximity, was a country especially sought by Spanish fugitives as a place of refuge. Given the nature of the regime, it was priority to control and monitor the entry of these foreigners into the country. To this end, border surveillance posts were strengthened, especially in the first months of the Spanish conflict, and close collaboration was developed between the various Portuguese police forces. Despite these measures, many Spanish crossed the Portuguese border clandestinely and took refuge in the country, counting on the help of Portuguese and other Spanish residing in Portugal. This article explores the presence of these refugees in Portugal and highlights the border surveillance and police operations carried out in the north of the country in the early months of the Spanish Civil War to control this flow.

Among the hallmarks of the 20th century were the rise of authoritarian regimes, which reformulated the ideals of nation and citizenship, and the consequent flow of exiles fleeing political persecution. The need for international endorsement led fascist countries, such as Salazar’s New State, to look for supporters in their own colonies, thus redefining their emigrants’status according to their ideology. Exiles, on the other hand, were stripped of their citizenship and deprived of their condition of belonging to their nation’s new makeup. This article provides a brief analysis of how the concepts of citizenship and nationalism were used in Portugal under the Salazar’s regime, considering the cases of emigrants and Portuguese exiles in Brazil.

In this article we analyze the causes of the white settlers’exodus from Angola and Mozambique during the Portuguese decolonization process. Our scope is to understand the historical and political context that shaped the settlers’exodus and, especially, to demonstrate the reasons that determined the flight of about half a million white refugees to Portugal. Thus, we will show that the exodus of the white population was the result of a set of constraints, including racial violence, and of political choices that did not take into account the social and cultural background of the white minority that, because of its colonial status, wasn’t on the same political plane of the colonized majority.

This article is based on an investigation carried out in the Portuguese community of Macao, which sought to understand how it is currently integrated in the region, considering two major events in recent history. One in the host region “ the handover in 1999; another in the country of origin “ the economic crisis that began in 2008. Using 24 in-depth interviews and subsequent content analysis, our objective was to reflect on the migration process that brings new immigrants to Macao and that brings back to the territory others who had already lived there; and to understand how a changing community is redefined in a territory that also seeks a new identity.

The Cabo Frio region, the object area of this study, is located in the coastal lowlands of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The natural conditions, such as the existence of the Araruama lagoonal system and the occurrence of the resurgence phenomenon on the seashore, provided a rich area for exploitation of marine resources, promoting human settlement and the subsequent development of lagoonal and coastal fishing. Despite the activity was accomplished by indigenous people established in the region, in the seventeen century, with the arrival of Portuguese settlers to Cabo Frio, its development was observed. Taking into account the characteristics of the environment in the provision of fish resources, we intend to analyse diachronically the evolution of the fishing practice, through the investigation of historical documentation.

For over 200 years, the Tua valley’s mobility system went through several evolutions, from the primitive oxcarts and riverboats to the coming of the railway and the automobile. Each of these developments had a number of different characteristics and served diverse goals or needs, according with the circumstances of the time. In this paper we will analyse this evolution, by describing the means and ways of mobility and how they developed throughout the years. Whenever possible we will also recreate the transport trends that justified the appearance of new forms of mobility and the decay and hypothetical rebirth of others. With this study we hope to contribute for the debate about mobility in peripheral areas in the long run. In particular we hope to demonstrate how certain instruments of mobility ceased to be a regular commuter service to become a touristic enterprise linked with industrial or landscape heritage. In order to achieve these goals we will rely upon quantitative and qualitative data and upon a broad choice of recent studies about these issues.

One of the most visible manifestations of Portuguese language education in the United Kingdom, complementary schooling (Ensino Português no Estrangeiro) is the result of Portuguese immigration from the 1960s to the present day, magnified by the intake of Brazilian migrants in the 1990s and 2000s. Heritage language classes were a grassroots initiative of parents and immigrant associations with a strong component of language maintenance. Just before the 1974 democratic revolution in Portugal, the Portuguese government took over the organisation of classes but the development of the network as a support mechanism of migrant communities happened in the post‘revolutionary period. At the turn of the 21st century, the provision of complementary classes had to adapt to new political and legislative discourses. Especially after the 2006‘2009 period, when the classes came under the supervision of the Instituto Camões, Portuguese language was assigned a new role, that of an economic asset in a globalised world. Amongst the community, Portuguese language education became an investment in cultural and educational capital.

In this article it is intended to reflect on the relationship between cinema and history, considering the film as an object of analysis and an instrument of research, as well as a builder of historical environments and landscapes. Therefore, it will be discussed the cinema’s role as the producer/reproducer of moments and spaces, being cited and discussed the positions of authors such as Smith (1976), Ferro (1998), Kaes (1990), Moretti (2004), Protat (2009), Reigada (2013), amongst others. Based on this line of ideas, as well as taking into account the dynamics of contemporary migrations, it will be presented a case study which will contribute towards the understanding of transoceanic migration systems in the 20th century. In order to do that, it will be conducted a content analysis of the movie "The Immigrant" (1917), by Charles Chaplin, being focused the relation between time, space and movie image.